NS 3310 1st Edition Lecture 2Outline of Past LectureI. Exams and GradingII. Introduction: CellsIII. Insulin SecretionIV. Biological EnergyOutline of Current LectureI. Overview of Digestive SystemII. Organs of the gastrointestinal tract (GI)Current LectureI. Overview of Digestive System- Digestive system consists of main structures and accessory organs-Main structures: oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestine-Accessory organs: pancreas, liver and gallbladder- The main structures are primary sites of digestion and absorption whereas the accessoryorgans provide digestive enzymes or chemicals that are critical for efficient digestionII. Organs of the GI tract- Oral cavity: mechanical breakdown, moistening and mixing of food with saliva- Pharynx: propels food from the back of the oral cavity into the esophagus- Esophagus: transports food from the pharynx to the stomach- Stomach: muscular contractions mix food with acid and enzymes, causing the chemical and physical breakdown of the food into chime- Small intestine: major site of enzymatic digestion and nutrient absorption- Large intestine: receives and prepares undigested food to be eliminated from the body as feces- Salivary glands: release a mixture of water, mucus and enzymes- Liver: produces bile- Gallbladder: stores and releases bile needed for lipid digestion- Pancreas: releases pancreatic juice that neutralizes chime and contains enzymes needed for carbohydrate, protein and lipid digestion-Starch digestion enzymes released from salivary glands (salivary amylase)These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Half of digestion enzymes are secreted by pancreas and over a third secreted by small intestine-These enzymes are critical for the efficient processing of the nutrients-Most of these enzymes act in the small intestine, the most important organ of digestionsince it is the primary site of absorption-Some enzymes are made in the small intestine; most of these enzymes are terminal
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