SOC 100 1st Edition Lecture 1The Sociological ImaginationIndividual Choices and Social forces - Roots of sociology in Enlightenment- Antiauthoritarian (power of the church)- Progressive view of society- Democracy- Individual improvement=better society - Industrial Revolution- Material power- Critical of enlightenment’s optimism- Scientific methods of studying society CW Mills and the sociological imagination:-Connecting biography to the social world-Personal troubles vs. social issuesEx: two different stories of losing your job I.e. you got fired vs. laid off Part of a bigger trend - Individual decisions shaped by social forces. - Ex: divorce GlobalizationEx. Food choices; pita bread is different everywhere Seeing power= critiquing powerCritiquing power= true participatory democracy Definitions: Sociological imagination: A quality of mind that allows people to see how remote and impersonal social forces shape their life story of biography. Social construction: How society groups people and how it privileges certain groups over others. Ex: “dumb blondes”Biography: consists of all the day to day activities from birth to death that make up a person’s life. These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Remote/impersonal social forces: “smart phone” - pplrespond to social forces and become apart of that force. Ppl can embrace social forces, challenge them, or be swept along by them. C Wright Mills Troubles: personal needs, problems or difficulties brought on by individual shortcomings, related to motivation, attitude, ability, character, or judgment. Ex: “she is lazy” “he has a bad attitude”Issues: A matter that can be explained by factors outside an individual’s control and immediate environment. Ex: personal unemployment vs. nation unemployment. Side note: sociology emerged from the industrial revolutionIndustrial revolution: an ongoing and still evolving social force that has transformed and is still transforming society, human behavior, and interaction in insoluble ways. Mechanization: the process of replacing human and animal muscle as a source of power with external sources derived from burning wood, coal, oil, and natural gas. Auguste Comte: French philosphherFather of positivism ( scientific method)Positivism: holds that valid knowledge about the world can be derciced only from sense experience or knowing the world through the senses of sightmthouch, tateste, smell, and hearing, and from making empirical associations based on these observations. Karl Marx: - capitalism- communist manifesto- conflict- means of production- bourgeoisievs proletariatEmile Durkheim:- division and labor of solidarity solidarity: the system of social ties that connects people to one another and to the wider society4 types of social ties: 1. Altruistic: state in which the ties attaching the individual to others and society are such that the person has no life beyond the group. 2. Anomic: a state in which the ties attaching an individual to a group are disrupted due to dramatic changes in social circumstances. 3. Egotistic: state in which the ties attaching to the individual to others and to the society are weak 4. Fatalistic: state in which the ties attaching an individual to others and society involve discipline so oppressive it offers no change of release. WEB Dubois: Double consciousness: sense of always looking at one’s self through the eyes of others; measuring one’s soul by the tape of a world that looks on in amused contempt and pity “the strange meaning of being black ex: cosmetics Jane Addams: Founded hull houses Sympathetic knowledge: firsthand knowledge gained by living and working among those being studied because “knowing one another better reinforces the common connection of people such that the potential for caring and empathetic moral actions