DOC PREVIEW
Purdue PSY 12000 - Sensation and Perception
Type Lecture Note
Pages 5

This preview shows page 1-2 out of 5 pages.

Save
View full document
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 5 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 5 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 5 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience

Unformatted text preview:

These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute. Lecture 5 Outline of Last Lecture I. Structures and Regions in the Brain a. Hindbrain b. Forebrain II. Endocrine System III. Brain Damage, Plasticity, and Repair a. Repair b. Genetic and Behaviour IV. Study of Genetics a. Polygenetics b. Molecular Genetics c. Behaviour Genetics V. Chromosomal Abnormalities Outline of Current Lecture I. Sensation a. Bottom-up Processing b. Top-down Processing c. Examples II. Purpose of Sensing Things a. Adaptation III. Perception of Sensory Stimuli a. Attention IV. Perception a. Sensory Adaptation b. Myths of Perception c. Visual Illusions Current Lecture I. Sensation Sensation is the process of receiving stimulus energies from the external environment. - It is the activation of the sense organs by a source of physical energy - Human sensory capabilities go well beyond five o They aren’t just touch there is also pain, pressure, vibration ect. o Vision has day and night vision PSY 120 1nd Editiono Ear helps keep our balance a. Bottom-up processing - Gains information about our internal environment which goes from the sensory receptors to the brain - makes sense of info - takes small pieces and putting them together b. Top down processing - starts with cognitive processing at higher level knowledge, experience, expectation and motivation - illustrated by the importance of context in determining how we perceive objects - derives things from context c. Examples- - Susie sets up dvr to record her favorite show- top down - step by step instructions- bottom up - doing things without needing instruction because it was memorized- top down - You are new to something and find it confusing and must use the text book- bottom up II. Purpose of Sensing Things a. Adaptation- - Improves a species’ chances of survival - examples- o eyes adjust to dark o extreme weather o bad smells o annoying noises - sensory receptors o specialized cells that detect info and transmit it to sensory/afferent nerves and brain o special neurons activated by stimuli o vision-photoreception o hearing-mechanoreceptor o smell-chemoreception o Photoreception-detection of light o mechanoreception detection of pressure vibration and movement o chemoreception-perception of chemical stimuli - Confused senses o synesthesia- one sense induces experience in another sense o phantom limb pain- reported pain in amputated arm or lego extrasensory perception(ESP)- perception in absence of concrete sensory input - Absolute threshold is the minimum amount of energy of detectable stimulus energy o defined as the lowest intensity at which a stimulus can be detected 50% of the time o the lower the absolute threshold the greater the sensitivity o Vision-candle flame 30miles on a dark night o hearing-tick of a watch under quiet 20 ft o taste 1 tsp in 20 gallons o smell- 1 drop of perfume diffused into the entire volume of a large apartment o touch-wing of a fly or bee falling on a person’s cheek falling from a centimeter - Difference threshold- degree of difference that must exist between two stimuli before it is perceive o Webbers law- difference threshold is directly proportional to the magnitude of the stimulus with which the comparison is being made and can be expressed as a weber fraction o level at which you can detect the difference between objects o law breaks down at extreme high and lows o at a certain level no matter how much is added you can’t tell - Subliminal perception o detection of information below level of conscious perception o research suggests that we can be affected subtly by subliminal messaging - Theory of perception which focuses on decision making about stimuli in presence of uncertainty o possible outcomes- hit miss false alarm correct rejection o concerned with the factors that influence sensory judgments o there is no single point of the intensity scale that separates o signal present- “yes”=hit “no” =miss o signal absent- “yes”=false alarm “no” -correct rejection III. Perception of Sensory Stimuli a. Attention - selective o cocktail party effect - shiftable o Novelty size color movement - intentional blindness o failure to detect something when engaged in an activity - Cultural influences which stimuli we attend to as we perceive the world - Perceptual set- predisposition or readiness to perceive something a particular wayIV. Perception Giving meaning to sensation organizing and interpreting information a. Sensory adaptation - change in responsiveness to sensory system based on average level of surrounding stimulation b. Myths of perception - we see everything - we see things the way they are - directions- do you think they noticed something was weird but didn’t want it to be c. Visual illusions-compelling but incorrect perceptions The visual stimulus- - Light o form of electromagnetic energy o Wavelength-hue and color o amplitude-brightness o light color (hue) brightness and saturation o visible light-lowest frequency is called red highest is violet o parts of the eye-sclera- white outer part, helps maintain shape protects from injury o iris is the colored part o pupil is the opening in the iris, size controlled by muscles in iris o cornea -clear membrane in front of the eye o lens- transparent disk-like structure o retina- multilayered light sensitive surface at the back of the eye o cells on retina which convey electromagnetic energy into electrochemical impulses  rods- sensitive to light not very useful for color function well under low illumination  cones- used for color perception o fovea- tiny area in the center of retina has only cones o blind spot place on the retina contains nothing where the optic nerve leaves the eye and goes to the brain o Optic nerve>optic chiasm. Visual cortex o optic nerve fibers divide at optic chiasm o feature detectors -neurons in the primary visual cortex that respond to particular features of a stimulus o parallel processing - simultaneous distribution of information across different neural pathways o binding integration of what is processed by different pathways or cells o information from the


View Full Document

Purdue PSY 12000 - Sensation and Perception

Type: Lecture Note
Pages: 5
Documents in this Course
Therapy

Therapy

5 pages

Therapy

Therapy

11 pages

Memory

Memory

16 pages

Lecture 7

Lecture 7

11 pages

Load more
Download Sensation and Perception
Our administrator received your request to download this document. We will send you the file to your email shortly.
Loading Unlocking...
Login

Join to view Sensation and Perception and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or
We will never post anything without your permission.
Don't have an account?
Sign Up

Join to view Sensation and Perception 2 2 and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or

By creating an account you agree to our Privacy Policy and Terms Of Use

Already a member?