The scientific method-the vocabularyVocabulary con’tThe scientific method-the processDiscussionDiscussionDiscussionDiscussionFurther Observations you might make:Slide 9Slide 10Slide 11Slide 12Slide 13Slide 14Slide 15Slide 16Slide 17Slide 18Slide 19Slide 20Slide 21Slide 22Slide 23Slide 24Slide 25Slide 26Slide 27Slide 28Slide 29Slide 30Slide 31The scientific method-the vocabulary•Observation-an activity of a living being, consisting of receiving knowledge of the outside world through the senses, or the recording of data using scientific instruments. •Hypothesis-a proposed explanation for a phenomenon•Theory-a proposed explanation of empirical phenomena, made in a way consistent with scientific method. Any scientist in the field is in a position to understand and either provide empirical support ("verify") or empirically contradict ("falsify") it•Reproducibility-the ability of an entire experiment or study to be reproduced, by someone else working independently.•Experiment-a methodical procedure carried out with the goal of verifying, falsifying, or establishing the validity of a hypothesis.Vocabulary con’t•Consensus-the judgment arrived at by most of those concerned. Implies that those concerned are informed!•Belief -the psychological state in which an individual holds a proposition or premise to be true.•Knowledge –a familiarity with someone or something, which can include information, facts, descriptions, or skills acquired through experience or education. •The relationship between belief and knowledge is that a belief is knowledge if the belief is true, and if the believer has a justification (reasonable and necessarily plausible assertions/evidence/guidance) for believing it is true.The scientific method-the process•Observation•Hypothesis•Observations to validate or falsify hypothesis•Theory•Continued experimentation to validate or falsify all or part of the theory.•Theories evolve, they are not static!–In the context of science, it is not appropriate to say “its just a theory”!!!!!!!!!!!!•Theories can never be definitively proved, only disproved.Discussion•Describe the what you observe about the night sky.Discussion•Observation: The night sky appears as a great semi-sphere moving around the Earth, with the stars fixed on that sphere.•Hypothesis?Discussion•Observation: The night sky appears as a great semi-sphere moving around the Earth, with the stars fixed on that sphere.•Hypothesis: The sky is a sphere with the Earth at the center, and the sky rotates round the Earth. All stars are fixed on that sphere.Discussion•Observation: The night sky appears as a great semi-sphere moving around the Earth, with the stars fixed on that sphere.•Hypothesis: The sky is a sphere with the Earth at the center, and the sky rotates round the Earth. All stars are fixed on that sphere.•Now what else do we observe that needs to be explained?Further Observations you might make:•Stars that moved•Hairy stars(comets)•Meteors•Different brightness of stars•Northern(and southern) lights•Motions/phases of the moon•Motions of the sun (daily, monthly)CastorMizMizar & AlcorEpsilon