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GSU CHEM 3410 - Molecular Orbital Theory
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CHEM 3410 1st Edition Lecture 6Outline of CurrentI. Molecular Orbital TheoryA. Summary of Main Points. See D2L hand outII. Introduction to the Chemistry of Benzene/ Benzene ReactionsOutline of Last LectureI. Correction to ENDO/EXO II. Common names of Benzene Derivatives III. Benzene and Aromaticity (Continued)A. Rules of AromaticityB. Anti-Aromatics IntroductionC. Applying the rulesD. Aromaticity and AcidityE. HeterocyclesLecture 6I. Molecular Orbital TheoryRecall atomic orbital theory:- “The s orbital is a sphere. P is a dumbbell. “ (Shapes of probability maps)- Mass comes from the nucleus of the atom- Electrons are responsible for “the shape,” or probability maps. Atomic molecules combine to form molecular orbitals.- Two s orbitals combine into a peanut shape. You are combining the probability maps of the two, adding more probability. (bonding molecular orbital)less energy, more stable- Two s orbitals may also oppose each and resemble two cashews. There will be a node in the middle. This node is a space of 0 probability. (anti-bonding orbital)more energy, less stableWhen combining two H molecules, (H2) all electrons would go into the bonding molecular orbital. Hydrogen exists as H2 naturally, and this is an explanation of that behavior. These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Naturally, the high energy state, the antibonding orbital is not seen. We split Br2 into the higher energy, antibonding orbital through the exposure of UV light. The use of the UV light brings a molecule from a lower energy state into a higher energy orbital, the antibonding orbital.How the molecular orbital theory contributes to delocalization: The lobes of the p orbital are not equal. (Think as the higher portion as positive and the lower bulb as negative.) Only the same type lobes can overlap in molecular orbital theory. Lowest energy orbital – most stable, most overlap (pi)Highest energy orbital – least stable, least overlap (pi *)See Harden’s handout on D2L for more information and illustrationsII. Reactions of BenzeneRecall that benzene does not do addition because benzene is ridiculously stable. Benzene will do ELECTROPHILIC AROMATIC SUBSITUITION.We are substituting one of our implicit Hydrogens for the new group.Halogenation:By adding the FeBr3 catalyst, we create a very electrophilic bromine that will


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GSU CHEM 3410 - Molecular Orbital Theory

Type: Lecture Note
Pages: 4
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