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Clemson BIOL 3350 - Darwin and Wallace's Contributions to Evolutionary Theory
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BIOL 3350 1st Edition Lecture 6 Outline of Last Lecture I. The Anatomy of a Scientific PaperII. Pigment Molecules in Beach MiceIII. Genetics of Beach Micea. Substitution Mutationb. Consequence of Mutationc. The Role of the MC1R ProteinOutline of Current Lecture I. The Effects on Finches of 1976-1978 Drought on Daphne MajorII. Alfred Russel WallaceIII. The History of Evolutionary ThoughtIV. Selection does not have a goalV. Evolution is not intrinsically progressiveCurrent LectureI. The Effects on Finches of 1976-1978 Drought on Daphne Majora. Postulate 1: variationi. Natural selection only acts on variation that exists within a population à supports Darwin’s first ideaii. 95% of the population fits within those beak depth parameters prior to the droughtiii. Some birds survived due to their beak sizesiv. Go back to regular pre-drought sized beaksv. We can see that actually mortality occurred as a result of the drought because the graph shows that the total number of individuals decreasedb. Postulate 2: trait is heritablei. Darwin’s Second Postulate à the trait has to be heritableii. Similar songs may change the shape of their beaks during their lifetimesThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.iii. Parents behavior of what kind of food they bring back to their offspring change beaks à parental behavior effects rather than geneticsiv. The environment can change the beak size of the birds à thicker nuts cause thicker, stronger beaksv. Found that there is actually a strong genetic component in the birds beak size c. Postulate 3: more individuals are produced that survived. Postulate 4: struggle for existencei. Variation influenced survivalii. All of Darwin’s postulates were supportedII. Alfred Russel Wallacea. Wallace also proposed natural selection as the mechanism for evolutionary changeb. Wallace lost all of his specimens and barely escaped the accident alive à went toIndonesia to do more studyingc. Wallace came up with the hypothesis that Darwin had been working on for 20 years so he felt pressured to publish a paper with his idea before Wallace got to itd. Wallace focused on all of the variation that helped him to develop this theory e. Focused on geography and found that species that were close in space resembled each other à gave weight to the idea of common ancestryf. The Wallace Linei. Islands that are close to the Indonesian mainland have species that look similar to those on the mainlandii. Species that are found on the islands closer to Australia resemble species in Australia more so that those in IndonesiaIII. The History of Evolutionary Thoughta. Darwin and Wallace’s contributions:i. Selection among individuals, not speciesii. Gradual changeiii. Role of ecological differentiationiv. Role of sexual selectionv. Natural selection could result in new speciesIV. Selection does not have a goala. Mean had shifted towards thicker beaks because the environment had changed, but then after the drought the small, not as hard seeds were available again the beak sizes decreased againb. Favored thinner beaks because it requires more energy during development to create the thicker beaksc. If an environmental pressure is not pushing for thick beaks, birds with thinner beaks are more likely to survive and develop soonerV. Evolution is not intrinsically progressivea. Many simple forms have stayed virtually unchanged for hundreds of millions of yearsb. Some complex forms have become extinctc. Some complex forms have become simplerd. Increasing diversity of life on Earthi. parasitic skin mite – obligate parasite and must less complexii. free-living dust must is much more complex digestive systemiii. Complex à simple à complex (in ancestry)e. Natural selection works on individuals, not ecosystems or groupsf. Natural selection is a creative processg. Its is also directionless and relies on chance mutations and errors during DNA replication as the source for new


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Clemson BIOL 3350 - Darwin and Wallace's Contributions to Evolutionary Theory

Type: Lecture Note
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