Clas 220 1st Edition Lecture 3 Outline of Current Lecture Quiz Olympian/ Chthonic  Heroes Olbios  kleos Philostratus, Heroikos hero cultureCurrent LectureQuiz Questions1. What is Demeter’s daughters name? – Persephone 2. Where was Apollo born? – Delos 3. Who kidnaps Persephone? – Hades 4. What is the name of the mortal man who Aphrodite falls in love with? – Anchises5. How cattle did Hermes steal? – Apollo HeroesOlympian: to do with heavens, and what is above earthsChthonic: to do with what is beneath the earth (chthon= earth), with death and fertilityOlympian deitieso 12 Olympian godsChthonic deitieso Demeter/Persephone o Dionysus (sometimes)o Hates (always)o The Furies- anger when you kill someone you are close to -- (feminine/scaly) --pray to for agriculture success o Heroes Olympian- sacrifice at dawn, alter, offer smoke, keep head bare, joyous, pure, celebration, timeless/agelessChthonic- sacrifice at evening, in a pit, make liquid libations (wine, blood, milk, honey,-- poured into ground), cover head, untimely, lamentation, defile self. What is a hero? (Greek)1. Unseasonal (die too young)  compared to flowers—beautiful for a short time then fade and disappear  also living way too long (etuis) 2. Extreme – Achilles (bravest, strongest, etc.) kill children to get back at husband, kill father marry mother, etc. 3. Antagonistic relationship with a god – special relationship with a god (god hates hero and tracks him down) Hercules (child of Zeus and mortal) – Hera (fame of Hera)—Achilles –Apollo = very similar Olbios:These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.1. Happy2. BlessesSoo Don’t count a man as happy until he’s had a good deatho Don’t count a man as blessed (worship as a hero) until he has a good death Solon and Croesus – mother is proud of them- prays fro best thing to happen to them – they lie does as if to sleep and never wake up.  lesson: life is brief and full of suffering- were like flowers that fade- fame after death is like a flower that never fades, fame that does not wilt Kleos:1. Fame2. Songs and stories about that fame (epic poetry)3. Worship as a hero In the Greek world, it’s the one way to outlast death – no English equivalent Philostratus, Heroikos- 3rd cent- a dialogue between Phoenician traveler and vine dresser who works at the tomb of protesilaus- Protesilaus was a young man, just married, who is the first Greek soldier off the ships at Troy, and the first to die.- Buried in a garden (with magical properties)- Comes back to life in garden—practices running and other sports (leaves footsteps)—gives advise to athletes and young lovers and helps those afflicted with certain diseases—when an adulteress and her lover came to the tomb, he made a dog bite her and chase her away Hero cult 1. It’s deeply local. Every city, neighborhood, village, forest, mountain, and stream have its own hero 2. Every character, male, female, young or old, in Greek literature=, is potentially a hero. But there would have been thousands more heroes we don’t know about. 3. Hero-cult is based around the body of the hero, or parts thereof, buried in the local ground in a tomb that could be well-known or secret4. The hero and his tomb provided fertility and prosperity to the family5. Heroes are worshipped, kept happy, and brought back to life through animal sacrifice (often ram, usually into a pit with libations poured into the