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WVU ATTR 219 - Brain/Cardiovascular System
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ATTR 219 1st Edition Lecture 2Anatomy of the Brain-consists of cerebrum, diencephalon, brain stem and cerebellumCerebrum- largest and most obvious portion of brain, divided by deep longitudal fissure and each cerebrum controls the opposite side (ex. Left cerebrum controls right side of body)In people who are right hand dominant:Left cerebrum controls- language, math and reasoningRight cerebrum control- motor skills, emotion, art, music and creativity-In 10% of population, this is reversed and results in confusion and learning disabilitiesLobes of each cerebral hemisphere -Each cerebral hemisphere is divided into five lobes1. Frontal- controls personality, behavior, emotion and intelligence2. Parietal- sensation3. Occipital-vision4. Temporal-hearing and smell5. Insula- deep inside and controls visceral effectsDiencephalon- surrounded by cerebral hemispheres and includes the thalamus and hypothalamus1. Thalamus- relay station for sensory pulses except smell2. Hypothalamus- small region below thalamus and plays key role in maintain homeostasis and visceral activities- Other functions include:These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Regulate autonomic nervous system- Regulate emotional response and behavior- Regulate body temp- Regulate food intake- Regulate water balance and thirst- Regulate sleep/wake cycle- Regulate endocrine system activityBrain Stem- region between diencephalon and spinal cord that consists of midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata. Controls numerous activities essential to life such as:- Visual reflex center - Auditory reflex center- Respitory control center- rate, rhythm and depth- Cardiac center to regulate heart rate- Vasometer center to regulate blood pressure- Coughing, sneezing, vomiting and swallowingCerebellum- located below occipital lobes is 2nd largest portion of brain-Functions as motor area of brain that regulates subconscious contractions of skeletal muscle – these things essential to coordination, posture and balance-If damaged, movements such as running and walking become very uncoordinatedCardiovascular SystemHeart- average heart pumps 5-6 quarts of blood through body per minute- located between sternum and vertebral column- When doing CPR the heart is compressed between the two-2/3 of the heart is left of midline and 1/3 is to the right-apex (point) of heart points inferior, anterior and to the left-opposite/base side is directed superior, posterior and to the right-heart size varies by individual, but on average the size is equal to a clenched fistCoverings of Heart:-heart and proximal portions of vessels at the base are enclosed by loose-fitting, double layered sac known as pericardium or pericardial sac-pericardium- attached to diaphragm, posterior to sternum and vertebrae -should pericardium become inflamed, the result is pericarditis (buildup of fluids) and will then result in cardiac tamponade, resulting in cardiac failureTamponade- compression of heart due to excessive pericardial


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WVU ATTR 219 - Brain/Cardiovascular System

Type: Lecture Note
Pages: 3
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