PSY 270 1st Edition Lecture 2Outline of Last Lecture I. Doing social psychology. Outline of Current Lecture II. Criteria for causalityIII. Nature vs. Nurture IV. Automatic vs. controlled processesV. Core social motives of human behavior Current LectureII. Criteria for causality a. Cause and effect must co-vary i. Meaning that experiments show relationship between two variables and one variable b. cause must precede effect in time i. Meaning that one variable is manipulated by the researcher precedes the other variable in time. c. Must be able to rule out alternate explanations for the observed relationship between cause and effect i. Meaning that plausible can rule out other explanations via random assignment and experimental control. d. Researchers do experiments over longatutal studies because they’re less expensive and can be done in less time. e. When we know the cause we can change behavior. i. Ex. Stereotype threat experiment done by Steele and Aronson. III. Nature vs. nurture. a. Nature = parents nurture = environment b. Both of these go into what people think. They interact to influence human behavior. i. For example, gender. How are social roles made? Well part of it is how weare raised. If parents a strongly for the typical gender role their children will be more app to follow them. As for environment if the surroundings of the child are more for a specific role for a gender then the child will be more app to follow that role even more. The two (nature&nurture) interact to form how the person will act and think. IV. Automatic vs. controlled processes. These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.a. Automatic = impulsive. Controlled = deliberate.b. The book calls this the duplex mindc. An automatic process is outside of conscious, performs simple operations with little intent, “gut” reactions are made, and more influenced by nature. d. Controlled requires conscious awareness, can be perform complex operations that are effortful, and more influenced by nurture. i. For example, when seeing someone attractive our automatic process is a lust for them we think “I want that person” and our controlled process would be no I can’t have them I’m married or in a relationship. NATURE SAYS GO AND NURTURE SAYS STOPV. Core social motives of human behavior. a. The “brakes” on impulsive helps keeps us connected to others. b. BUCET i. Belonging- people are motivated to maintain bonds with others in order to be nurtured and protected 1. This contributes the most to survivalii. Understand- once people form social bonds and become group members.They must begin sharing information to become productive and valuable group member. If they cannot understand others, they risk being ejected from the group which threatens survival. 1. So if you can connect if you can relateiii. Controlling people are motivated to be effective and competent, to effectively predict and possibly control actions1. Can help change behavior to fit a certain situation. Like telling someone their loved on pasted away you would control yourself and not smile but show empathy. iv. Enhancing self- people are motivated to protect their feelings of self-worth, which is important for survival and for maintaining relationships with others. 1. This can help with self-esteemv. Trusting- people are motivated to define the world as non-threatening, which would allow them to protect cognitive resources and attend selectively to negative information. 1. This helps calm the brain down so it can do other