PSY 205 1st Edition Lecture 1 Outline of Current LectureI. PsychologyA. DefinitionB. Branches of PsychologyC. General termsII. Types of Psychology A. People who contributedIII. Psychology as a ProfessionCurrent LectureI. Psychology- Psychology is the empirical study of human behaviors using scientific research methodso Aims to uncover general principles and patters of human behaviors, with a focus on the individual- Psychology has many branches:o Socialo Clinicalo Developmentalo Cognitiveo Schoolo Personality- Definition: Psyche (mind, soul, spirit, behavior) and logos (the principle of reason and judgment)o Scientific study of behavior of living organisms- Plato- idealismo Everyone is born with knowledge- Aristotle- empiricismo Knowledge comes from sensory experience (first hand experience is needed to know something)- Mind-body problemo The mind and the body experience the same thing differentlyII. Types of Psychology- Psychophysicso Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920)These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute. 1879 Leipzig Germanyo Where he founded the first formal laboratory for psychological research- Father of experimental psychology Goal of psychology= to learn about the mind Technique was introspectiono The study of one’s own conscious thoughts and feelingso Observation of the mental state- Structuralismo Edward B. Titchener (1867-1927) Mental chemistry Content of the mindo Analyze adult minds in terms of the simplest definable components and see how they come together to form more complex experienceso How it works and its structureo Thoughts and sensations- Functionalismo William James (1842-1927) Goal of psychologyo What is the function of the mind?a. Focuses on mental states- Associationistso Edward L. Thorndike (1874-1949) Puzzle box (experiment he used on animals to test his ideas about learning) Law of Effecto Responses that produce a satisfying effect in a particular situation become more likely to occur again in that situationo Responses that produce a discomforting effect become less likely to occur again in that situationo Ivan P. Pavlov (1849-1936) Classical conditioningo Learning a new behavior based on the process of associationo Two stimuli are linked together to produce a new learned response in a person or animal Not a psychologist but a scientist- Behaviorismo John B. Watson (1878-1958) The mind is not an organ (based on external behavior) Believed all different behaviors were based on different experiences of learning Studied behavioro How people act and what they doa. Reflexesb. How people learnc. Sexual behavior- Gestalt Psychologyo Max Wertheimer (1880-1943) The motion picture The phi-phenomenono Experimental studies on the perception of movement- Psychoanalysiso Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) The Psychoanalytic Schoolo Developed therapeutic techniques such as talking to someoneIII. Psychology as a Profession- Clinical (treatment to helping people)- Experimental (investigation of psychological processes such as learning, memory, etc.)- Developmental (how people develop and or change over time)- Counseling (helping people by listening to issues and providing feedback)- Educational (study of human learning)- School (work in schools to help students with issues)- Psychometrics- Political- Forensic- Engineering- Health-