PSY 202 1st Edition Lecture 5Motive:I. Stimulus that prompts a person to act in a particular way.Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs:5. Self-actualization4. Esteem3. Affiliation 2. Safety & security1. Basic, physiologicalChallenges of Maslow:I. Hard to study people with greatest needII. Order is sometimes violatedIII. Individual differences in ranking the needsLowenstein (1996):II. Hard to imagine “visceral” states (hunger, drug withdrawal, sleep deprivation).Homeostasis:I. Stable physiological stateHunger Cues in the brain:II. Lateral Hypothalamus-“on” switch• Destroy it: rats stop eating, stimulate it: makes it hungrierIII. Ventromedial Hypothalamus: “off”switch• Destroy it and they will eat foreverThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Other areas are involved in eating and both areas of hypothalamus are related to other processes besides eating.Evolutionary Explanation to eat?I. Those exhibiting behavior that is most ADAPTIVE in a particular environment are more likely to survive long enough to reproduce, thus passing along genes.• Evolved to crave high calorie foods• Not so adaptive in current environmentII. “mechanical” cues - stomach walls contract (but not very important)- glucose and lipid sensors in blood- social cuesWhy we are fatI. Change in lifestyle, engineering out activities, people who exercise but don’t lose weight.- Hungrier- Mental rewarding- less active afterII. Attitudes towards food and availability to food.Genetics (twin studies):I. Identical twins: monozygotic, same DNAII. Fraternal twins: dizygotic, similar DNASet Point:I. Natural weight, what the body tends to
View Full Document
Unlocking...