CH 221 Lecture 6Outline of Last Lecture I. More Acids and Basesa. Alcoholsb. Aminesc. Pronated AminesII. Protonated Alcohol and Carboxylic AcidsIII. Lewis DefinitionsIV. Strength of Acids and BasesOutline of Current Lecture V. Last of Acids and BasesVI. Organic NomenclatureVII. Homologous structuresVIII. Constitutional IsomersIX. Alkyl SubstituentsCurrent LectureV. A carboxylic acid is neutral in its acidic form (RCOOH) and charged in its basic form (−¿RCOO¿). An amine is charged in its acidic form and neutral in its basic form. The formula pKa= pH + log −¿A¿¿[HA ]¿ tells us whether a compound will be acidic (with a proton) or basic (without a proton). VI. The general molecular formula of the hydrocarbon group Alkanes is CnH2 n+2Methane CH4 Ethane CH3CH3 Propane CH3CH2CH3Butane CH3CH2CH2CH3The name of the compound is directly related to the number of carbons present.1= meth 2= eth 3= prop 4= but 5= pent 6= hexThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.7= hept 8= oct 9= non 10= dec 11= undec 12= dodec13= tridec 20= eicos 21= heneicos 30= triacontVII. Homologous compounds differ only by the addition or subtraction of a CH3 group. CH3CH2CH3 CH3CH2CH2CH3C4H10 can be arranged two ways as butane and isobutene.C5H12 can be arranged three ways as pentane, isopentane, and 2,2 dimethylpropaneVIII. There are constitutional isomers that have the same molecular formula but the atoms are linked differently. For example, C6H14can be arranged five ways as hexane, 2 methylpentane, 2,2 dimethylbutane, 3 methylpentane, and 2,3 dimethylbutane. IX. Removing a hydrogen from an alkane results in an Alkyl. CH3 methylCH3CH2 ethylCH3CH2CH2 propyl CH3CH2CH2CH2 butylAlkyls R-OH alcohol R-NH2 amine R-F, Cl, Br, I alkyl halide R-O-R
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