PHIL 1020 1st Edition Lecture 2Outline of Last Lecture I. What is Ethics?Outline of Current Lecture II. Moral RulesA. What is permitted?B. Morality and Laws?C. Society’s Laws vs. Moral rulesIII. Sources of MoralityIV. Dr. Martin Luther King’s view (1929-1968)V. SocratesCurrent LectureII. Moral Rules- We are all aware of moral ruleso E.g., violence is wrong- What are these sort of rules like?o Are they matters of personal opinion?o Fixed, absolute truths?o Where do we find them?A. What is permitted?Example:- Rugby is governed by “The Laws of the Game”o E.g., “no head-high tackling” Where do we find them? – online Where do they come from? – board How do we know if they’re correct? – IRB says Why do we follow them? – penalizedo Contrast with how moral rules workThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.B. Morality and Laws?- Why not just look to our laws?o Because some are unjustC. Society’s Laws vs. Moral Rules- Where do we find them?- Where do they come from?- How do we know if they’re correct?- Why follow them?o Some immoral can be advantageo Some moral can be disadvantageIII. Sources of morality- Family? - but can think immoralo E.g., Nazi families- Religion?- but can become out of date- Laws?- can be immoralo E.g., back when there were segregation laws- Society’s Values?- can be skewed o E.g., Southern states- Our “inner voice”?- but typically include family, religion, &environment- By using reason?-the most useful way, by evaluating right & wrongIV. Dr. Martin Luther King’s view(1929-1968)- Civil rights leader- Law breaker, advocated “direct, non-violent action”- Philosophy major- Admirer of Socrates and referenced him in several speechesV. Socrates (469-399 BCE)- A self-appointed “gadfly”- an annoying person, especially one who provokes others into action by criticism.- Created tension between self & Athenians- Publicly questioned the wisest, most prominent Atheniansand showed that their so called knowledge was false- Importance of questioning, reason & argument to sort truth from falsehood- Was eventually executed by