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CU-Boulder IPHY 3410 - Connective Tissues: Connective Tissue Proper, Cartilage, Bone, Blood

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IPHY 3410 1st Edition Lecture 3 Outline of Last Lecture 1. List the four types of tissues found in the body.2. Describe the characteristics of epithelia (plural of epithelium) that distinguish them from other types of tissues.3. Describe structural classifications of epithelial tissues by layering: simple or stratified.4. Illustrate epithelial tissues by shape: squamous, cuboidal, or columnar.5. List epithelial types and their function. 6. Predict which epithelial cell type you would expect to find in an organ given the tissue functions.7. Name the specialized structures associated with the lateral, basal, and apical surfaces of epithelial cellsOutline of Current Lecture 1) Define connective tissue.2) Predict if a tissue is a connective tissue based on the definition.3) Compare and contrast the structure and functions of epithelial and connective tissue.4) Name the unique components of connective tissue. 5) Identify the components of living and nonliving matrix.6) Predict the function of the connective tissue based on its matrix composition (compression, tension, elasticity; pulling, squashing, stretching)7) Describe areolar connective tissue as a model of connective tissue proper.Current LectureConnective Tissue – An Overview- 4 classeso Connective tissue proper Loose- Areolar, adipose, reticular Dense- Regular, irregular, elastico Cartilage Hyaline Fibrocartilage Elastico Bone Compact Spongyo Blood Red blood cells White blood cellsConnective Tissue - FunctionsThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- A tissue that connects, supports, separates, tissues/organs or stores nutrients- Connects other tissues and organs together- Forms skeletal elements- Separates and supports blood vessels and nerves- Ex: tendons, ligaments, bones, fascia, cartilage, adipose, bloodConnective Tissues – Characteristics- Not very cellular; lots of extracellular matrix- Few or zero cell junctions- Extracellular matrix – made up of ground substance and fibers (except in blood which is made has plasma)o Ground substance can be gel like (CT proper and cartilage), or mineralized (bone) or fluid (blood) Large sugar protein molecules (proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans) - Connective tissue proper and bone are vascularized, innervated, but blood and cartilage are notConnective Tissue – Fibers- Collageno Strongesto Most abundanto Resist tension- Reticularo Short fiberso Net likeo Resist tension- Elastico Stretch and rebound (like a rubber band)o Made of protein called elastin- Note: blood does not have any fibersConnective Tissue Proper- Fibroblasts; defense cells; fat cells- Gel-like ground substance- Fibers: contains all 3 fiber typesCartilage- Contains chondrocytes, (chondroblasts are found in growing cartilage)- Gel-like ground substance- Fibers: collagen, elastic in someBone- Contain osteocytes and osteoblasts- Gel-like ground substance calcified with inorganic calcium salts- Fibers: collagenBlood- Erythrocytes (red blood cells); leukocytes (white blood cells); platelets- Plasma- No fibersConnective Tissue Proper- Loose areolar CTo Supports epithelial tissueo Fewer fibers than dense CTo Like packing peanuts- Adipose Tissue (mostly cellular)o Protection (ex: heels of feet)o High concentration of fat cells >90%o Found in hypodermis (below skin)o Nutrient storage- Reticular Connective Tissueo Network of reticular fiberso Found in spleen which has a high concentration of blood cells- Dense Connective Tissueo Resistant to stronger pulling forceso More fibers than loose CT (collagen fibers) Dense Regular - parallel collagen fibers found in ligaments and tendons Dense Irregular – collagen fibers run in many directions; not parallel; joint capsules Elastic CT – high concentration of elastic fibers; large arteriesConnective Tissue Proper – Characteristics- Fibroblast – produce fibers- Macrophages – phagocytic/ engulf foreign organisms- Plasma cell – secrete antibodies that mark foreign cells for destruction- Mast cell – secrete histamine which causes inflammation- Lymphocyte – white blood cell- Neutrophil – white blood cell- Fat cell – storage cell; occurs in cluster or


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CU-Boulder IPHY 3410 - Connective Tissues: Connective Tissue Proper, Cartilage, Bone, Blood

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