HIST 109 1st Edition Lecture 3Last Lecture OutlineNew World and Spanish Conquest I. Successful due to what had occurred on Iberian peninsula and specific mission (toChristianize world)Current Lecture OutlineAfrica and the Americas on the Eve of ConquestI. African-European Relationsa. Catholicism in Africab. African Resistance to DiseaseII. Meso-Americaa. Urban Civilizationsb. Native populations in the New WorldCurrent Lecture NotesAfrica and the Americas on the Eve of ConquestSpain and Portugal are emerging as powerful countries. Look to Africa first but don’t colonize.Why?Why no African conquest?There were central govts in Africa that could take on Spain. Therefore, more commerceoccurred instead of European conquest.Kingdom of KongoThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.1. Commerce vs. Colonization- made commercial treaties with Kongo2. State to State relations developed- married between cultures Catholic Missionaries in Africa1. Spanish tell about Christianity to Africans Kongo asks for missionaries and send reps toVatican to learn more. Shows respect. Someone could be Catholic and Kongo at the same time,full conversion not necessaryMany Africans brought across Atlantic in slave trade knew about ChristianityAfrican Resistance to Infectious Diseases1. Due to long history of interaction, African and Europeans had built up similar resistanceto infectious diseases.2. Theological crisis for Spanish in New WorldThe New World on the Eve of ConquestMeso America- Urban Civilizations1. Teotihuacan2. High degree of organization and political concentration/bureaucracy3. Labor specialization (artisans, wood cutters, metal, leather)4. Innovation of agriculture production to sustain large urban pop.5. Modern economies in exchange of currency/laborMayan World of City States1. Not unified 2. Spain has harder time colonizing Yucatan peninsulaAztec Empire1. Empire- created by a political unit based on one geographic area extending its powerand dominance into other areas2. Treats subject populations differently than it may treat itself. All rights and privilegesmay not be extendedGoals of political empire1. Extend geographic territory2. How to move goods 3. Impoverish one area to enrich anotherMexica Dominate Central Mexico (Rulers of Aztec Empire)1. Ancestral homeland up near US/Mexico border2. Received prophecy to build a capital. Had to be built where they saw an eagle sitting oncactus eating a snake3. Tenochtitlan is capital (island in lake). Largest cityTawantinsuyu, The Inca Empire1. Means land of 4 corners2. Build empire in the Andes Mountains3. Develop agriculture and political system-VerticalityTwo major questions for today’s lecture:1. What prevented European colonization of the African Continent?2. What roles did the large political empires of Aztecs and Incas play in the Colonization ofthe Americas by the