SOC 100 1st edition Lecture 2 Outline of Last Lecture I. Class Syllabus Outline of Current Lecture II. SociologyA. Definition III. Theories and TheoristsCurrent LectureSociology- We look to understand human behavior through social systemso Familieso Schoolo CultureC. Wright Millso Sociological imaginationo Connect our personal experiences to society at large to greater historical forceso Make the familiar strange, or to question habits and customs that seem “natural” to us.Sociological imaginationo What allowed human being to start thinking about society?o Scientific revolution= used to think sun went around Eartho Democratic Rev.= why someone needed to rule us?o Industrial Rev.= new ways of creating money/manufacturingNew Ideaso Challenge social illso To understand; sociologists needed research/theoriesSocial institutiono Are networks of structures in society that work to socialize the groups of people within themo Legal system, labor market, educational systemSocial identityo The way we define ourselves in groups that we are and are not a part of.These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Theory, Research and valuesTheoryo Tentative explanation of some aspects of social life that states how/why certain facts are relatedResearcho Are fully observing reality to assess the theory Valueso Ideas of what is right and wrongComteo Better understood by determining the logic governing human behavior=positivismHarriet Martineauo Earliest feminist scientist, translated Comte’s text into EnglishKarl Marxo Theory of historical materialism. Class conflict=changeMax Webero Emphasis on subjectivityEmile Durkheimo Labor maintained social orderSimmelo Sociology of pure numbersKarl Marxo The increase of the mass of workers decreases the wealthy ownerso Workers would achieve class consciousnesso Awareness of belonging to an exploited groupo Workers join together to eliminate private ownershipWebero Criticized Marxo Can’t just be only about money; needs to also be about politics and religiono Ex: Protestant work ethic= rewarded in the afterlifeDuboiso Stated prejudice was causing conflict in societyFunctionalismo How social structures maintain or undermine social stabilityo Emphasize social structures based on shared valueso Reestablish equilibrium=happier peopleManifest and latent functionso Manifest= intended to observed. Ex= get an educationo Latent= unintended and less obvious. Ex= this^ causes debtConflict theoryo 1. Focus on class relationso 2. Patterns of inequality=stability and instability in otherso 3. Stresses that members in privilege groups want to stay thereo 4. Equalize power= increase total of human welfareSymbolic interactionismo 1. Social life only possible b/c people attach meanings to thingso 2. Focus on interpersonal communication in micro-level social settingso 3. People change their social circumstancesFeminist Theoryo Focuses in patriarchyo Male domination+female subordination determined by power and social conventiono Both men and women benefit when both treated equallyo Learned from early socializationAmerican Sociologyo Chicago school= first area of American sociology that looked at research. Included: Charles Cowley, Mead, DuBois…Sociology and its cousinso History and Anthropology= intended to focus more on particular circumstanceso Psych and Biology= examine things on a smaller levelo Economics= is entirely quantitativeInterpretive Sociologyo Concern rests with how the individual relates to and places meaning with social