**Ultisols and Alfisols in TNAlfisols- semiarid to humid areas, have clayOxisols- soils in humid, tropic or subtropics areas, low activity clay. Commonly reddish or yellowish soils with no distinct horizons. Most extensive in Hawaii and Puerto Rico.Inceptisols- soils that have altered horizons, still retain some weatherable minerals.Mollisols- dark surface horizon. Formed from nutrient rich parent material and are commonly in grassland. Dominantly in the great plains and western states.Soils and site impact stability.Land, Soil and DispossessionDispossession by enclosures: highland clearancesDispossession by force; native Indians out and slaves inDispossession by force in Africa: 90% farms owned by whitesEconomic Dispossession: US Monopoly- capitalist agriculture, NAFTADispossession of land in China, want farmers on larger scalesHumansApes, Neanderthals, PeopleAgriculture changed and effected communitiesAfrica did well until agriculture, domesticationAgriculture leads to:Permanent villages, “free time” for creative minds, craftsmenChange is directionally challenged.Crops and varieties can be marketed east to west but not north to southAfrica6% of world land massLagos- largest city in Africa17.5 million populationMost populous Nation: Nigeria; 177 million15.4 million refugeeslanguages; 2000+41% Christian19/53 democratic nationsRichest nation: Equatorial GuineaPoorest Nations: Burundi, Malawai, Sierra Leone, SomaliaPercent of Population with access to drinking water: Sub-Saharan 82% urban, 45% rural, Northern Africa 96% urban, 84% rural.Infant mortality rate: 102/1000Avg life expectancy: 46 in Sub-Saharan Africa, 67 in North AfricaMost common cause of Death: AIDSLiteracy Rates: 60% avg.Should we continue to give aid?In 2005, migrants sent home $167 billion. Could be 50% higherESS 120 1st Edition Lecture 2 **Ultisols and Alfisols in TN Alfisols- semiarid to humid areas, have clay Oxisols- soils in humid, tropic or subtropics areas, low activity clay. Commonly reddish or yellowish soils with no distinct horizons. Most extensive in Hawaii and Puerto Rico. Inceptisols- soils that have altered horizons, still retain some weatherable minerals.  Mollisols- dark surface horizon. Formed from nutrient rich parent material and are commonly in grassland. Dominantly in the great plains and western states.  Soils and site impact stability.  Land, Soil and Dispossession- Dispossession by enclosures: highland clearances- Dispossession by force; native Indians out and slaves in- Dispossession by force in Africa: 90% farms owned by whites- Economic Dispossession: US Monopoly- capitalist agriculture, NAFTA- Dispossession of land in China, want farmers on larger scales Humans Apes, Neanderthals, People  Agriculture changed and effected communities- Africa did well until agriculture, domestication- Agriculture leads to: o Permanent villages, “free time” for creative minds, craftsmen Change is directionally challenged. - Crops and varieties can be marketed east to west but not north to south Africa 6% of world land mass15% of world populationThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute. Lagos- largest city in Africa- 17.5 million population Most populous Nation: Nigeria; 177 million- 15.4 million refugees- languages; 2000+- 41% Christian- 19/53 democratic nations Richest nation: Equatorial Guinea Poorest Nations: Burundi, Malawai, Sierra Leone, Somalia Percent of Population with access to drinking water: Sub-Saharan 82% urban, 45% rural, Northern Africa 96% urban, 84% rural.  Infant mortality rate: 102/1000 Avg life expectancy: 46 in Sub-Saharan Africa, 67 in North Africa Most common cause of Death: AIDS Literacy Rates: 60% avg. Should we continue to give aid? In 2005, migrants sent home $167 billion. Could be 50%