CJ 250 Study Guide Part 11. Which of the following is most frequently applied criminal sanction?a. Probation2. Which of the following is true about the death penalty?a. The US is virtually the only western democracy to use the death penalty 3. How many states in the US use the death penalty?a. About ¾ of the state 4. Legislatures construct sentencing guidelines according to two dimensions. These dimensions are:5. Which of the following are True concerning appeals?a. Most appeals by criminal defendants are unsuccessful6. All of the following are purposes of the appeals process, except:7. Appeals are mandatory in these cases:a. A defendant who is found guilty of capital crime8. Who decides whether a plea of guilty is intelligent and voluntarily given?a. Judge9. Which region of the US has the highest % of those awaiting execution?a. South10. Who grants pardon in the United States?a. Presidents and state governors11. A legal petition requesting that a judge examine weather an individual is being properly detained is called a write to habeas carpus.12. The sentencing philosophy that focuses on the treatment of the offender is rehabilitation.13. The sentencing philosophy that can be best summed up by the phrase “An eyefor and eye, a tooth for a tooth” is retribution.14. An appeal is a request to higher court to review the actions of lower court.15. Punishment that are less severe and costly than prison, but more restrictive than traditional probation are called intermediate sanctions16. Probation is a sentence that offender is allowed to serve under supervision inthe community.17. The conditional release of an offender from incarnation, but not from legal custody of the state is called parole.18. An action of the executive branch of the state or federal government excusing an offense and absolving the offender is called pardon.19. The process by which defendants plead guilty to criminal chares with the expectations of receiving some benefit from the state is called plea-bargaining.20. Beyond a reasonable doubt is the standard used in trial jurors to decide if the prosecution has provided enough evidence to convict the defendant. 21. _______22. _______23. An indeterminate sentencing is an example of a sentence of one year to life.24. The 5th amendment prevents a prosecutor from appealing a not guilty verdict.25. Intermediate courts hear most criminal