Motivational Learning frequently is tied to cooperative learningInvolves the processes that energize, direct, and sustain behavior.Perspectives On Motivation:Behavioral PerspectiveHumanisticCognitiveSocial CognitiveBehavioral Perspective:Emphasizes external rewards and punishments as keys in determining student motivationUsing incentives to get students to pay attention, study, etcExtrinsically Motivated students like external rewardsSocial rewards (pat on the back, outward praise if…)Activity rewards (Get to watch a movie, listen to music if…)Tangible rewards (Candy, gold star, etc if you…)Need to be enticed and proddedInterested in easy tasksA grade is an extrinsic rewardHumanistic:Intrinsic MotivationMotivated by factors within themselvesEngage in activity because it gives them pleasureEngage in assignments willinglyEager to learn classroom materialEmphasizes personal freedom, choice, self determination, and striving for personal growthStressed the importance of intrinsic motivation and the role of filling needsMaslow’s Hierarchy of NeedsSelf Actualization (5) **Always striving never reaching**Esteem (4)Love and Belongingness (3)Safety (2)Psychological (1)When a student acts out it is usually to fill a need. When we punish them to stop that behavior, the need doesn’t go away, so they produce a new behavior to fulfill that need. Find that need and fulfill it from the start to avoid poor behavior.Need for achievement, to feel competent and capableDesire to have our own wishesGoal Orientations:Mastery: focus on task rather than ability, seek to improve performance, enjoy challenges, task involved learnersPerformance: concerned with outcomes, seek ways to protect themselves, ego involved learnersWork Avoidant: finish quick and avoid work all togetherSocial: nonacademic activities compete with schoolwork, goal is to maintain relationshipsCognitiveStresses importance of interpretations of external eventsBehavior is determined by thinking, not rewardsAttribution Theory:Everyone has strong needs to understand WHY something occursInterpretations have strong motivational effectsSomething good happens, that was us. Something bad happens, that’s someone else’s fault.Studies have shown that success and failures can have 3 characteristics:Cause is seen as internal or externalSeen as stable or unstablePerceived as controllable or notLocus: Students who perceive their success as being due to internal factors are more likely to have higher self esteem (SELF ESTEEM)Stability: if student attributes positive outcome to a stable cause, there is an expectation of future success (FUTURE)Controllability: Failure due to external factors causes anger. Failure due to internal factors causes guilt. (EMOTIONAL)Goals for Teachers:Create a state of motivation to learn in your classroomTap into their interestsGive rewardsModel interest in learningProject intensity and enthusiasmInduce interestReduce anxietyBoost curiosityHelp students generate their own motivationEmphasize concept of improving ones abilityDevelop in students the trait of being motivated to learnMotivation: Emotional Learning 11/12/2014Motivational Learning frequently is tied to cooperative learning-Involves the processes that energize, direct, and sustain behavior.oPerspectives On Motivation:Behavioral PerspectiveHumanisticCognitiveSocial CognitiveoBehavioral Perspective:Emphasizes external rewards and punishments as keys in determining student motivationUsing incentives to get students to pay attention, study,etcExtrinsically Motivated students like external rewardsSocial rewards (pat on the back, outward praise if…)Activity rewards (Get to watch a movie, listen to music if…)Tangible rewards (Candy, gold star, etc if you…)Need to be enticed and proddedInterested in easy tasksA grade is an extrinsic rewardoHumanistic:Intrinsic MotivationMotivated by factors within themselvesEngage in activity because it gives them pleasureEngage in assignments willinglyEager to learn classroom materialEmphasizes personal freedom, choice, self determination, and striving for personal growthStressed the importance of intrinsic motivation and the role of filling needsMaslow’s Hierarchy of NeedsSelf Actualization (5) **Always striving never reaching**Esteem (4)Love and Belongingness (3)Safety (2)Psychological (1)When a student acts out it is usually to fill a need. Whenwe punish them to stop that behavior, the need doesn’t go away, so they produce a new behavior to fulfill that need. Find that need and fulfill it from the start to avoid poor behavior.Need for achievement, to feel competent and capableDesire to have our own wishesGoal Orientations:-Mastery: focus on task rather than ability, seek to improve performance, enjoy challenges, task involved learners-Performance: concerned with outcomes, seek ways to protect themselves, ego involved learners-Work Avoidant: finish quick and avoid work all together-Social: nonacademic activities compete with schoolwork, goal is to maintain relationshipsCognitive-Stresses importance of interpretations of external events-Behavior is determined by thinking, not rewardsAttribution Theory: -Everyone has strong needs to understand WHY something occurs-Interpretations have strong motivational effects-Something good happens, that was us. Something bad happens, that’s someone else’s fault.Studies have shown that success and failures can have 3 characteristics:-Cause is seen as internal or external-Seen as stable or unstable-Perceived as controllable or notoLocus: Students who perceive their success as being due to internal factors are more likely to have higher self esteem (SELF ESTEEM)oStability: if student attributes positive outcome to a stable cause, there is an expectation of future success (FUTURE)oControllability: Failure due to external factors causes anger. Failure due to internal factors causes guilt. (EMOTIONAL)Goals for Teachers:-Create a state of motivation to learn in your classroomoTap into their interestsoGive rewardsoModel interest in learningoProject intensity and enthusiasmoInduce interestoReduce anxietyoBoost curiosityoHelp students generate their own motivationoEmphasize concept of improving ones ability-Develop in students the trait of being motivated to