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UGA MUSI 2060 - Final Exam Study Guide
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MUSI 2060 1st EditionFinal Exam Study Guide Lectures: 19-30Terms- Call & response: antiphonal; when vocalist is answered by either a group of vocalists or by instruments, or in between instruments- Backbeat: putting a strong accent on the off-beats; in a four-beat measure, these would be on beats 2 and 4; basic rhythm of rock music- Vamp: short chord progressions used to mark time; singer can usually talk over them- Strophic: all verses are sung to the same music but the lyrics change; most blues song are this song form- Musique concrète: skillful blend of sound effects and fragments of speech with music and studio technology- Polyrhythms: 2 or more rhythms performed at the same time- Melisma: one syllable is sung over many pitches- Fill: instrumental embellishment played during rests in the vocal melody; standard 12 bar blues has a fill at the end of each sung line; anything played by a drummer other than strict time-keeping- Flat-four beat: all four beats of the measure are emphasized equally- Heavy metal: aka hard rock- Rif: short melodic/rhythmic pattern that’s repeated over and over while musical changes take place over fragment; often harmonic and rhythmic basis of the entire song- Happening: a performance, event or situation meant to be considered art, usually as performance art- Distortion devices: create "warm" and "dirty" sounds by compressing the peaks of an electric musical instrument's sound wave, which results in a large number of added overtoneso Wah-wah pedals, fuzz tone, reverberation, feedback, etc. - Polyphonic texture: two or more melodies occurring at once that are of equal importance- Two-beat bass: bassist pays root of the chord on the first beat of a measure and the fifthof the chord on the third beat of a measure; associated with country music- Feedback: a special kind of positive feedback which occurs when a sound loop exists between an audio input and an audio output- Aleatory: musicians told to get from point A to point B however they want (quickly, stepwise, etc.); “controlled chaos”- Standard song form (AABA): musical structure that has two musical parts (A & B); the A part is played and repeated (8+8 measures), followed by the B part or bridge (8 measures) and another A part (8 measures) for an overall AABA (32 measures); sometimes A part is divided into verse & chorus- Concept album: a studio album where all musical or lyrical ideas contribute to a single overall theme or unified story- Contrafact: a musical composition consisting of a new melody overlaid on a familiar harmonic structure- Bend (bent notes): notes that are slightly altered by pulling on string, raising/lowering the voice, tightening/loosening embouchure, or mouth position, on a horn; also called a blue note- Power chord: a combination of two tones consisting of a root and its fifth- Power trio: a rock and roll band format having a lineup of guitar, bass and drums, leavingout the rhythm guitar or keyboard that are used in other rock music to fill out the sound with chords- Montuno: improvisation on two-chord progression- Skiffle: short-lived British version of American Folk- Super group: members of the band had already gotten their fame from being in other groups and now they came together to form a new bandPeople- Brian Epstein: manager of the Beatles- Stu Sutclife: original bassist of the Beatles- Nanker Phelge: collaborative composition of the whole Rolling Stones band- Augustus Owsley: consulting engineer of Grateful Dead; aka Bear- Aldous Huxley: British writer of the book Brave New World, The Doors of Perception, etc.; influenced The Doors- Jimmy Page: lead guitar for Led Zeppelin; influenced by Chuck Berry, James Burton, Scotty Moore, & Muddy Waters- Syd Barret: guitar and vocals of Pink Floyd- Jello Biafra: lead vocals of Dead Kennedys- Pete Best: original drummer for the Beatles (replaced by Ringo Starr)- Pete Meaden: manager of the Who when they were The High Numbers- Andrew Oldham: manager of The Rolling Stones- Chas Chandler: a record producer who discovered Jimi Hendrix- Allen Ginsberg: influenced Jim Morrison with his poetry- The Yardbirds: English rock band that included Jimmy Page- Alan Parsons: produced, directed, and engineered Pink Floyd’s “Dark Side of the Moon”- George Martin: producer of the Beatles- Kenney Jones: drums for The Who after Keith Moon- The Glimmer Twins: Mick Jagger and Keith Richards as producers of the Rolling Stones- Billy Cox: bassist of the Jimi Hendrix Experience- Arthur Rimbaud: French symbolist poet that influenced Jim Morrison- John Paul Jones: bass and keyboards of Led Zeppelin- Malcolm McLaren: manager of the Sex PistolsStyles CharacteristicsGenres- Psychedelic Rock:o Recording quality is hazy, mutedo Changing focus of performers in the mix (“hungupedness”)o Volume levels in concert very loudo Loudness results in distortiono Use of electronic devices for distortion Fuzz tone Wah-wah pedal (invented in 1966) Phasing (done on control board)o Use of feedbacko Emphasis on instrumentation (especially on lead guitarists)o Influenced by American rhythm & blues bands and R&B-influenced British bandso Group Examples: Drug Use: Blue Cheer, Jefferson Airplanes Cross-Images: Electric Prunes, Electric Flag, Grateful Dead, Iron Butterfly- Hard Rock:o Sound: vocals mixed into overall sound Loud volumes Lead guitar oriented Electronic distortion Thick-textured soundo Form: mostly riff-based songs Some dependence on basic forms (strophic, standard, hybrid)o Harmony: simple chord progressions 3-5 chords in basic progression Progressions based on guitar practical technique Power chord (root/fifth) Bass ostinato (riff) is the harmonic basiso Time: Fast tempos Simple duple/quadruple meters Strong, hard backbeat Bass ostinato (riff is also the rhythmic basiso Group Examples: Electrical, mechanical power: Tesla, AC/DC, Mötorhead Mötley Crüe, Black Sabbath, Slayer, Megadeth Misspelling, on purpose: Led Zeppelin, Def Leppard- Punk Rock (and proto/pre):o Sound: Loud volumes Basic rock band (lead guitar, bass guitar, drums, vocalso Form: Simple song forms Strophic Standard AABAo Harmony: Simple chord progressions Practical guitar chords: fit under fingers easily 2-3 chords in progression Bass riff is often harmonic foundationo Time: Tempos very fast Typically quadruple meter Drums heavily accent every beato Melody: Vocals limited in range


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UGA MUSI 2060 - Final Exam Study Guide

Type: Study Guide
Pages: 8
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