BIOL 1344 Lecture 27Outline of Last Lecture I. Anatomy of the Female Reproductive SystemA. Internal and External GenitaliaB. OvariesC. UterusD. CervixE. VaginaII. Ovarian CycleOutline of Current Lecture III. Follicular Maturation IV. UterusV. Ovulation CycleCurrent LectureFollicular maturation: GnRH, LH, FSH are the hormones needed. Granulosa cells secrete estradiol 17 beta, the corpus luteum secretes progesterone which maintains pregnancy, after the first trimester the corpus luteum dies and the placenta takes over this job. The chorion secretes hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) starting 2-3 weeks after fertilization. Urine is tested for the presence of hCG to detect pregnancy. Uterus: perimetrium is the outer layer, myometrium is the smooth muscles which respond to oxytocin for labor and child birth. The endometrium is the basal layer and a functional layer which is sloughed off during menstruation. The process of this is that the spiral arteries go through vasospasm which causes ischemia and the tissue dies and sloughs off. After about 5 days, it regenerates and new blood vessels form, this is called angiogenesis. Endometriosis is a painful disease in which endometrium grows outside of the uterus cavity. In the ovulation cycle, the period before ovulation is called the proliterative phase. After ovulation is called secretory or glycogen phase. During this time, the endometrium is ready for implantation. Pregnancy lasts 38 weeks from the end of menstrual cycle or 40 weeks from the beginning of last menstrual cycle so 266-280 days. During pregnancy, GnRH, FSH, and LH are inhibited through progesterone so that there is no more ovulation. Other hormones which are These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.vital are activin which promotes FSH effects and inhibin which blocks FSH. Relaxin is a hormone that relaxes the pubic symphysis during parturition which is child birth. Progesterone is a contraception so there is no menstruation. Fertility drugs contain clomiphene which blocks estrogen and increases GnRH, FSH, and
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