DOC PREVIEW
UW-Madison POLISCI 106 - Final Exam Study Guide

This preview shows page 1-2-3-4-5 out of 14 pages.

Save
View full document
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 14 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 14 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 14 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 14 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 14 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 14 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience

Unformatted text preview:

Exam # 3 Study Guide Lectures: 19-24Lecture 19 (11/18) - China IThree Types of Non-Democratic Regimes:- Linz, Juan: "Totalitarian and Authoritarian Regimes"- all non-democratic- other than that very different- totalitarian, sultanistic, authoritarianTotalitarian Regimes:- power monopoly- power concentrated in hands of individual or small group- ruler(s) not accountable- ruler(s) cannot be dislodged from power by institutionalized, peaceful means- strong ideology-basis of legitimacy-provides meaning, historical purpose, interpretation of social reality-goal: "remake" society/mankind- mass mobilization - active mobilization for citizen participation-passive obedience and apathy = undesirable-vehicle of mobilization: single mass party and closely affiliated organizations- other characteristics - political violence = widespread and systematic- ex. USSR, esp. under Stalian-ideology: Marxism-Leninism-power monopoly-power concentrated in hands of one or very few members of CP-mobilization - CP key to mass mobilization; society supposed to actively participate in building communismSultanistic Regimes:- tyrannical, arbitrary rule by individual and close followers- power monopoly - see "totalitarianism"- no ideology, little effort of legitimation- mobilization - no organized participation- other characteristics - pursues private, not collective goals; ex. personal wealth of ruler- often: arbitrary use of power and violence- ex. Dominican Republic under Trujillo (1930-61)-ideology: none-power monopoly - power concentrated in Trujillo's hands, key posts filled by family members and associates-country = private domain of leader-mobilization - no mobilization; isolation, lack of education, apathy, passive submission = necessary for regime stabilityAuthoritarian Regimes:- leader, or small group, exercises power within ill-defined but predictable limits (lacks arbitrariness of sultanism)- no power monopoly, but limited political pluralism --power is not fully concentrated-dispersed among some political, economic, and social groups with some degree of autonomy-but pluralism is limited, groups not fully unconstrained- no elaborate, guiding ideology, if any = symbolic - no extensive or intensive mobilization-no systematic inclusion of "the masses"- note: significant variation between them- ex. Spain under Franco (1939-75)-ideology: early days, quasi-Fascism POLI SCI 106 1st Edition-later: no clear ideology or effort to "remake" society-limited pluralism - ex. Catholic church controls education system-ex. Cabinet members have some autonomy-mobilization - weak party; govt. uses party, not vice versa-apathy = desirableMaoism:- builds on Marxism-Leninism, but with significant amendments- backbone of revolution = peasants, not urban workers- blank slates to be instilled with revolutionary consciousness- communism realized not through elites and bureaucrats, but peasants' revolutionary enthusiasm and mass struggle-mobilized into permanent revolutionary movement, present ruling group from turning bourgeois-"class struggle"- lack of sophistication = desirable-workers and intellectuals receive "class education" through agricultural labor- Maoism ideal critical to...-break in early PRC alliance with USSR ("lean to one side")-the "Great Leap Forward" (into communism - rapid acceleration of "the revolution," forced industrialization, mobilization ofthe masses -the "Cultural Revolution" - targets "impure," "bourgeois" elements (party elites, bureaucrats, intellectuals)- after Mao's death (1976) - departure from Orthodox MaoismDespite End of Maoism:- the basic organizational design of China's political system remains authoritarian- Communist party-state- core assumption: citizens must be led- guiding principles of Communist party-state -guardianship and hierarchy-plus, in case of China, idea of the "mass line"- principles have been modified, but largely still in placeParty-State I: Guardianship:- describes relationship between Communist Party and society- "Vanguard Party" that leads the way toward Communist utopia- basis of legitimacy: acting in the "historical best interests" of the people and translating them into policy that will lead to communism- the "mass line"- today: CCP still the vanguard party, but mass line de-emphasized- basis of legitimacy: delivering the goodsParty-State II: The "Mass Line":- the theory: party leadership not isolated from the mass public- party leaders should maintain close links in ordinary citizens-to educate the masses-help party leaders know needs of masses- policy is supposed to flow "from the masses to the masses"- but mass influence on policy depends on its fit with the goals of the partyParty-State III: Hierarchy:- strict hierarchy between a) levels of organization and b) party members-factionalism = punishable-party discipline = expected and enforced- goal: ensure that party acts as unified force, responsive to top leaders- today: party leads society in politics, but has retreated from regular life in most areas Party-State: Overall:- ideology less prominent and less coherent than in past- same minor reforms to govt. and party- reforms and political changes have not led to fundamental system changeLecture 20 (11/20) - China 2Formal State Institutions:- Formally a parliamentary system-unicameral legislature-fused executive and legislative-unitary state-largely ceremonial president-judiciary with no power of judicial review- But operates differently in practice-party leaders and organizations matter most-not highly institutionalizedLegislature:- National People's Congress (NPC)-formally most powerful organ - passes laws, elects and supervises government-2,987 members indirectly elected by provincial congresses for 5 years, >2/3 CPC-meets 2 weeks per year-Standing Committee: 175 members, modifies legislation, interprets law-But: power constrained by party- Largely a "rubber stamp," but some recent assertivenessExecutive:- State Council (Government)-35 full members, responsible to NPC-Premier: Li Keqiang (in power since 2012)-members appointed by premier and then confirmed by NPC-Standing Committee: 10 "generalists," drafts legislation-25 ministry heads- President: Xi Jinping- Formally quite weak-elected by NPC-appoints Premier and State Council, but with NPC approval-no formal veto- In practice dominates stateCommunist Party:- Controls all state functions- Leninist, vanguard party- 87 million members- Fill most important state and non-state positions- General Secretary:


View Full Document
Download Final Exam Study Guide
Our administrator received your request to download this document. We will send you the file to your email shortly.
Loading Unlocking...
Login

Join to view Final Exam Study Guide and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or
We will never post anything without your permission.
Don't have an account?
Sign Up

Join to view Final Exam Study Guide 2 2 and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or

By creating an account you agree to our Privacy Policy and Terms Of Use

Already a member?