ANSC 160 1st EditionFinal Study GuideGradeBuddy Study Guide Dairy Exam1. What are the numbers for the amount of total cows in the United States? (Answer: 9,100,000)2. How many cows are usually per herd? (Answer: 130)3. One cow will, on average, produce how many pounds of milk? (Answer: 18,900)**4. Name the four key dairy states: (Answer: California, Wisconsin, New York and Pennsylvania)5. How much of the Agricultural Receipts are from the Dairy Industry? (Answer: 10 % andranks second, behind cattle production)6. Nationally how much money does the dairy industry make? (Answer: $21,227,695000)7. Name the Industry Trends discussed in lecture: (Answer: Fewer and Larger herds, slightly fewer cows, more milk per cow, total production somewhat constant, shift in geographic areas of production)8. How does milk sell in the market? (Answer: Farmers are paid per 100 pounds of milk, or $22.50 per hundred pounds)9. What are the uses of raw milk? (Answer: Cheese, Fluid milk, butter, frozen products, non-fat dry milk and other miscellaneous)10. What are the percentages for the uses of milk? (Answer: Cheese- 49%; fluid milk- 28%; butter- 7%; frozen products-7%; non-fat dry milk- 3%; other-6%)11. Name the herds discussed in lecture: (Answer: Holstein, Jersey, Brown Swiss, Guernsey, Ayrshire and Milking shorthorn)12. Describe the Holstein cow: (Answer: 95% of the national herd, originated in Holland, black and white colored or red and white colored, weighs around 1500 lbs., yields about 20,500 lbs. in milk, % of butterfat= 3.7)13. Describe the Jersey Cow: (Answer: 4% of the national herd, orginated in Jersey Island, fawn colored but can be light or dark as well as can have spots, weighs around 1000 lbs., yields about 14,750 lbs. in milk, % of butter fat=4.7)14. Describe the Brown Swiss Cow: (Answer: 0.4% of the national herd, originated in Switzerland, blackish/brownish color with light tips, weighs around 1400 lbs., yields about 16,700 lbs. in milk, % butterfat= 4.0)15. Describe the Guernsey Cow: (Answer: 0.3% of national herd, originated in Guernsey Island, light fawn and white color with yellow skin, weighs 1100 lbs., yields 14,100 lbs. of milk, % butterfat= 4.5)16. Describe the Ayrshire Cow: (Answer: 0.2% of national herd, originated in Scotland, mahogany and white color can be with spots, weighs 1200 lbs., yields 15,100 lbs. in milk, % butterfat= 3.9)17. Describe the milking shorthorn cow: (Answer: 0.1% of national herd, originated in Great Britian, deep red and white or roan colored, weighs around 1250 lbs., yields about 13,900 lbs. in milk, % butterfat: 3.6)18. Though the dairy industry is a relatively purebred industry, when crossbreeding does happen it is because of what factors? (Answer: Fertility, calving ease, health traits and productive life)19. REMEMBER: dairy industry values females!20. Know the different stages of life and the details surrounding them: (Answer: weaning, group housing, heifer housing, breeding, calving, lactation)21. What is mastitis? (Answer: inflammation of udder, most costly disease in this industry)22. How long after one calve before a female is expected to get pregnant again? (Answer: 60-90 days)23. What are the keys to profitability? (Answer: high number of lactations, low calf deaths,high production level, disease resistance)24. Name the type of housing systems: (Answer: tie stall, free stall, bedded pack, milking parlors herring bone and parallel and milking parlors rotary)25. KNOW THE DAIRY HERD IMPROVEMENT ASSOCIATION and some of the things its done: ( nationwide records, herd data transmitted to processessing center in NCSU, management records returned to farmer, milk samples, information shipped/ sent to all farmers, etc.)26. Know the scales and grades in the lab handouts provided during lecutrue.27. Go over herd exercise provided in