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UNC-Chapel Hill PSYC 101 - CBT Model

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Psych 101 1st Edition Lecture 23Outline of Last Lecture I. SchizophreniaII. HallucinationsIII. Positive symptomsIV. Negative symptomsV. Lack of MotivationVI. AnhedoniaVII. AffaccVIII. GeneticsIX. NeurotransmittersX. Expressed emotion XI. HostilityXII. StressXIII. NervosaXIV. Anorexia XV. Caused by starvationXVI. Bulimia NervosaXVII. Purging typeXVIII. Nonpurging type:XIX. TechniquesOutline of Current Lecture II. CBT Model: III. Automatic IV. thoughtV. AssessmentVI. PsychoeducationVII. Relapse VIII.preventionIX. Behavioral X. ActivationXI. Cognitions XII. Thought XIII.RecordXIV. Cognitive RestructuringXV. Cognitive DistortionsXVI. Review of CBT principlesXVII. Behavioral TherapiesXVIII. Behavioral Therapies based on classical conditioningXIX.ExposureXX. ImaginalXXI.In vivoCurrent Lecture• Aaron Beck father of cognitive psychology.• An evidence-based (empirically supported) psychotherapy.• Can be done individually or in group format• “Gold-standard” treatment for many mental disorders• Benefits over medication• Common treatment for anxiety and depression. CBT Model: Purpose of the model is to concentrate on one of the 3 points. • Thoughts: cognition. • Automatic thought: pops into your head and you think its true.1. Assessment: getting someone’s history2. Psychoeducation: Providing information about how therapy will look and what we know about the disorder.3. Relapse prevention: Anticipating slip-ups and troubleshoot how to handle them. A typical CBT session• Check-in and set the agenda (5-10 min)• Review homework (10 min)• Agenda items (25 min)• Summarize, assign homework (5 min) “B” in CBT: Behavioral Activation• Be more active!• 3 Kinds of activities: Pleasure: shopping.  Mastery: chores, laundry ect… Values-based: religious events, volunteering. Lifelong. “C” in CBT: Cognitions Thought Record. • Situation/ Event• Automatic Thought• Feelings• Behavior• Rational Response: a response to the situation that is more realistic. Cognitive Restructuring Identify distorted thoughts Generate evidence for or against a certain belief Come up with a more adaptive way of thinking Pairs well with behavioral activation!Cognitive Distortions All-or-nothing thinking: black or white. Inability to see the white area. Ex: Eating disorders. Emotional reasoning: emotional state dictate how you feel, like a jump in logic.  Making “should” statements: standards that you have to meet otherwise “you are a failure”. Review of CBT principles Upward comparison: looking at the realistic answer instead of just the positive.  CBT Model: Our thoughts, behaviors, and feelings are intertwined  Create a life with balanced activities Goal is to have the client’s thinking be more realistic and adaptive Behavioral Therapies Based on “Learning theory” like operant conditioning.  Components of therapies: Good therapeutic relationship:  Listing of behaviors/thoughts to be changed Therapist as a “teacher” Continuous monitoring and evaluation of treatment and problem behaviors.Behavioral Therapies based on classical conditioning• Exposure: exposing the person to what they are afraid of, and making them face it. Ex: video with woman with the clown.*Imaginal: thinking about what you’re afraid of in your mind. The more you talk about it, it causes habituation. You get used to it. *In vivo: Exposure in real life.Elimination of avoidance; habituation• Systematic desensitization: exposing people to what they’re afraid of in small steps. From least scary to most scary. Develop fear hierarchyTeach relaxation responsePair feared item with relaxationMove up hierarchy• Aversion therapy: pairing a behavior you’d like to get rid of with something aversive. • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KPgpRw9tiuMBehavior Therapy techniques based on operant conditioning• Time out: being removed from the situation so you can’t get reinforced from your current behavior. • Token economy: A system that has been used in elementary, hospitals, it involves giving people reward if they meet certain target behaviors. • Social skills training: people that have difficulty with social skills. Autism, schizophrenia, socially impaired. Teach people how to interact more effectively. Social Skills Training• Describe skill• Model skill• Role play• Positive and corrective feedback• Home practice: best


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