PSYCH 2410 1st Edition Lecture 22Outline of Moral DevelopmentI. Piaget’s Theory of Moral JudgmentII. Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral DevelopmentOutline of Development of Peer RelationshipsI. Development of FriendshipsII. Peer Group StatusDevelopment of Peer RelationshipsI. Development of Friendships- Friendship: intimate, RECIPROCATED, positive relationship between two people- Beginning of friendships o 12-20 mos prefer certain playmates; initiate interactions with certain playmateso touch, smile, engage in positive interactions with preferred peerso more likely to comfort preferred peer- Developmental changeso Most aspects stay the same, just become more sharply defined with age Better with communications, more cooperation, more conflict to resolveo Level and importance of intimacy does changeo Ages 6-8 defined by amount of time spent together, similar interests, interesting toyso Ages 9-10 based on mutual liking, closeness, and loyalty; sensitive to needs of others; self-disclosureo Adolescence context for self-exploration; source of intimacy and disclosure; honest feedback- Choosing friends: proximity, age, gender, similar interests and behaviorsII. Peer Group Status- Popularity is important, being rejected is devastatingo Rejection can lead to problem behaviors and dropping out- Sociometric status= ranking of classmateso Popular= many positive, few negativeo Rejected= few positive, many negativeo Neglected= few positive, few negativeo Average= average positive, average negativeo Controversial= many positive, many negative - Popular: good social skills, initiates interactions, maintains positive relationships, cooperative, friendly, sociable, sensitive to others- Neglected: unnoticed by peers, neither liked nor disliked, less sociable, more aggressive and disruptive, interact less frequently with peers, interact less frequently with peers, not anxious about social interaction- Controversial children: liked by some peers, disliked by others, aggressive, disruptive, prone to anger, cooperative, sociable, good at sports, social active, group leaders, arrogant, snobbish- Rejected: o Aggressive-rejection: prone to hostile/aggressive behavior, disruptive/delinquent behavior; want to engage but can’to Withdrawn-rejection: socially withdrawn, wary, feel isolated and lonely; really worried about being in friend group- Popular and rejected groups are stable, neglected and controversial aren’t
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