CHAPTER 16 - Plants and the Move onto LandChapter ObjectivesKey TermsWord RootsCHAPTER 16 - Plants and the Move onto LandStudy Guide pp 190-98, # 1-60Chapter Objectives1. Distinguish between algae and plants. Describe the functions of the following terrestrial adaptations: stomata, cuticle, vascular tissue, and gametangia.2. Describe the four major periods of plant evolution and the major adaptations associated with each stage.3. Describe the life cycle and two key terrestrial adaptations of mosses.4. Explain how ferns differ from and are similar to mosses. 5. Describe the three additional adaptations to life on land that first appeared in gymnosperms.6. Explain how flowers attract pollinators and why this is adaptive.7. Describe the reasons for the ongoing loss of plant diversityand its likely cost to humans.Key Termsalternation of generationsangiospermsbryophytesconiferscuticlefernsflowerfruitgametangiagametophytegerminategymnospermsmossesmycorrhizaephloemplantpollenrootsseedshootssporessporophytestomatavascular tissuexylemWord Rootsangion = a container; sperma = seed (angiosperms: flowering plants)bryo = moss; phyte = plant (bryophytes: a group of nonvascular plants that includes the mosses)endo = inner; sperm = seed (endosperm: a source of nutrition for the developing embryo in a seed)gamet = a wife or husband (gametangia: protective structures where plants produce their gametes)gymno = naked (gymnosperms: vascular plants such as conifers with seeds not enclosed in specialized chambers)mutu = reciprocal (mutualism: a symbiotic relationship in which both partners benefit)sporo = seed (sporophyte: the moss stage with diploid cells)stoma = mouth (stomata: pores in leaves for gas