2108 Study Guide II (Sp09)Chapter 29: Nonvascular and Seedless Vascular Plants:- Describe the 4 derived characteristics that link charophyceans and land plants- Describe 5 characteristics that distinguish land plants from charophycean algaeo Explain how these features are adaptive for land- Define and distinguish among the stages of the alternation of generations life cycleo This is the general cycle, all other clades of plants follow alternate versions of it- List and distinguish among the 3 phyla of nonvascular plantso Be able to briefly describe characteristics of each group- Explain why most nonvascular plants grow close to the ground- Diagram the life cycle of a mosso Label the gametophyte and sporophyte stages and the locations of gamete production, fertilization, and spore production- List some of the ecological and economic significance of the phyla bryophyte- Distinguish between microphylls and megaphylls- Distinguish between homosporous and heterosporous plants- Explain how vascular plants differ from nonvascular plants- Explain why seedless vascular plants are most commonly found in moist environments- Diagram the life cycle of a ferno Label the antheridia, archegonia, fertilization, sporphyte generation, sori, meiosis, mitosis, and spores- Know what purpose xylem and phloem serve and be able to distinguish between the 2- List and distinguish the 2 phyla of seedless vascular plantso Be able to briefly describe characteristics of each groupChapter 30: Seeded Plants- Name 5 terrestrial adaptations that contributed to the success of seed plants- Compare the size and independence of the gametophytes of nonvascular, seedless vascular, and seeded vascular plants- Describe the ovule of a seed plant- Explain why pollen grains were an important adaptation for successful reproduction on land- List and distinguish among the 4 phyla of gymnosperms- Diagram the life cycle of a pineo Identify the parts that are the gametophyte generation and the parts that are the sporophyte generation- Identify the following floral structures and describe a function for each:o Sepal, petal, stamen, carpel, filament, anther, stigma, style, ovary, and ovule- Define fruit and explain how they are adapted to disperse seeds- Diagram the life cycle of an angiospermo Identify the parts that are the gametophyte generation and the parts that are the sporophyte generation- Distinguish between monocots and eudicots- Recognize some of the angiosperms that are most important in the life of humansChapter 35: Plant Structure- Describe and compare the 3 basic organs of vascular plantso Explain how these basic organs are dependent on each other- List the basic functions of rootso Describe and compare the structures and functions of fibrous roots, taproots, root hairs, and adventitious roots- Describe the basic structure of plant stemso Explain the phenomena of apical dominance- Describe the basic structure of leaveso Describe and distinguish between the leaves of monocots and eudicots- Describe the 3 tissue systems that make up plant organso Describe and distinguish between the 3 basic cell types of ground tissuesChapter : Animal Diversity- Be able to describe the characteristics that define animals- Be able to explain the process of embryonic development from a zygote to a gastrula- Know the 4 ways animals are grouped or classified (i.e. symmetry, germ layers, coelom, and embryonic development)- Distinguish between the types of symmetry demonstrated by animalso Explain how an animal’s symmetry fits its way of life- Know what each of the germ layers are and what they develop into- Distinguish between acoelomates, pseduocoelomates, and coelomateso Be able to explain a function of the body cavity- Distinguish between the following terms:o Diploblastic and triploblastico Spiral and radial cleavageo Determinate and indeterminate cleavage- Compare the developmental differences between protostomes and deuterostomes in terms of:o Pattern of cleavage, fate of blastopore, and coelom formation- Know the 5 main features of animal phylogeny accepted by both the ‘traditional’ morphological hypothesis and the ‘new’ molecular hypothesiso Be able to list one place where they differ- Distinguish between lophotrochozoans and ecdysozoans in terms of characteristic larval