Mus 152 1nd EditionExam # 3 (Final) Study Guide Lectures: 21-23Lecture 21 (November 18)Know basic facts and vocab on the banjo and the people.Stereotype- a commonly-held, over-simplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing.Akonting- West African instrument; 3 strings (2 long; 1 short)Clawhammer technique- 2 fingersDrone string- 5th string on the banjo (played with thumb)Minstrel Shows- white northern performers in “black face”; parodies of black slave lifeStephen Foster- “Old Susannah”; minstrel show composerDan Emmett- “Dixie”; minstrel show performer; banjo player1880’s/1890’s- banjo marketed to the upper class and women- Because of this the instruments were made smaller, they were highly ornamented, “genteel” repertoire, tutors (traveling teachers), and contests1600’s- first appearance in North America150 years, banjo played almost exclusively by African, then African American musicians1700’s- banjo combined with fiddle (violin)Lecture 22 (November 20)Know basic facts and vocab about the banjoBy WWI the elevation fad of banjos faded awayBanjo left in the hands of rural white southerners 1920’s- golden age of recording1923- Fiddlin’ John Carson “The Old Hen She Cackled”Okeh Records- Ralph Pear- producerFurniture stores- hifi equipment1923- “the old hen”- fiddling John Carson- first commercial country record“Hillbilly” image promoted by record company1920’s- guitar added to hillbilly stereotypeSame images as minstrel shows but applied to white rural southernersDock Boggs- hillbilly musicianCharlie Poole- “Take a Little Drink on Me”Hillbilly stereotype internalizedGuitar sold through mail order; added rhythmic pulseAmerican guitar companies: Gibson C.F Martin1930’s- Great Depression; major slow-down of recording industry; golden age of the radioNew Technology: RadioFederal regulation early 1930’sXERA- Broadcast from Mexico; set up by “Dr.” John Brinkley; set up million watt radio station; played country music; most successful musicians: carter family (Maybelle, Sara, A.P. Carter); ex: “Keep on the Sunny Side”Moral lyrics- salvation, dead serious, family senseLegitimate radio1930’s- three cities competing - Shreveport, LA- “Louisiana Hayride”- Chicago, IL- WLS (World’s Largest Store: Sears); “National Barndance”- Nashville, TN- WSM; Grand Ol’ Opry; “strictly clean and decent”1930’s- opry broadcast “hillbilly music”1930’s- peoples favorite were cowboy films- Rot Rodgers- movie cowboy, white horse, 6-gun, 10 gallon hat- Hank WilliamsLecture 23 (December 2)Know basic facts and vocab about country music“Nashville Sound” 1950’s; smooth, polished; studio recordings; the studio was the performanceNashville sound- ex. Patsy Klein “Crazy”Nashville after WWII: Money, recording studios, toursBacklash to the glamour of Nashville Bill Monroe and Bluegrass Boys- Mandolin, guitar, fiddle, bass, banjo Bluegrass music:- Unplugged- Alternating solos- Church harmonies (4 part)- No flash- RadioEarl Scruggs- Dead serious-