BIOL 1361 1nd Edition Lecture 26Outline of Last Lecture I. Lipid Soluble HormonesII. Compare and Contrast Receptor TypesIII. Hormonal Regulation of Gametogenesis in VertebratesIV. Hormonal Regulation of Gametogenesis in VertebratesV. Hormones and SpermatogenesisVI. Role of HormonesOutline of Current LectureI. FemaleII. Neuroendocrine RegulationIII. Follicular PhaseIV. Luteal PhaseV. Ovulated EggVI. Case Study: Vocal Cues of Ovulation in Human FemalesCurrent Lecture*Final is 60 questionsI. Femalea. Oviduct (Fallopian Tube)These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.b. Corpus LuteumII. Neuroendocrine Regulationa. Standard cycle length – 28 daysb. Follicular Phase – follicle is growing in days 0-14.i. The LH concentration goes up until it peaks, after it peaks ovulation happensc. Luteal Phasei. From ovulation until end of cycled. Menstrual Flow Phasei. First 5 – 7 daysii. When estrogen and progesterone are lowe. Proliferative Phasef. Secretory PhaseIII. Follicular Phase (days 0 - 14)a. GnRH from the hypothalamusi. Stimulates pituitary release of LH and FSHb. LH and FSH stimulate E2 secretion and growth of follicles containing eggsc. E2 has POSITIVE feedback on pituitary d. LH surge ends follicular phase, starts luteal phaseIV. Luteal Phase (days 14 – 28)a. LH stimulatesi. OVULATIONii. Conversion of follicle cells to corpus luteumiii. Progesterone (P) production by corpus luteumb. P maintains uterine lining, prevents uterine contractionsV. Ovulated Egga. Fertilized uterine lining makes hCG Corpus luteum makes P maintains pregnancyb. NOT Fertilized c.l. disintegrates [P] decreases pituitary secretes FSH and LH new oocytes begin maturingVI. Case Study: Vocal Cues of Ovulation in Human Femalesa. Backgroundi. LH surge precedes ovulation by 24 – 48 hoursii. Probability of conception (fertility) is highest on the 2 days before ovulationb. Research Questionsi. Can men detect when women are most fertile?ii. What sort of cue indicates fertility – behavior, smell, appearance?c. Hypothesis and Predictioni. Hypothesis:1. Human females broadcast a detectable ovulatory cueii. Prediction:1. The human ovulatory cue is a vocal cue associated with female attractivenessd. Experimental Designi. Subjects1. 69 women students at UCLA2. Ages 18 – 39, mean 20.3 years3. No hormonal contraception4. 21-33 day cyclesii. Experiment1. Compare the pitch of women’s voices during high and low-fertility phases of the monthly cycle2. Each woman was recorded on a “low-fertility” day and a “high-fertility” daye. Draw a Timelinei. Assume a 28 day cycleii. Fertility is greatest right before ovulation (day 14)f. Samplingi. Female technicians recorded women reading the sentence, “Hi, I’m a student at UCLA”ii. Day of the LH surge for each woman was determined using a urine testiii. Low fertility day1. Scheduled for 4 – 10 days before next expected menses2. Actualy timing in monthly cycle – 6.36 days before next actual mensesiv. High fertility day1. Scheduled for 15-17 days prior to next menses2. Actual LH surge occurred 2 days before to 3 days after the high fertility recording sessiong. Difference in Voice Pitch between “high” and “low” fertility recordingsh. Resultsi. Pitch: low fertility 206 +- 26ii. Pitch: high fertility 211 +- 28iii. Pairs of recordings from a subjects high and low fertility days were played to 15
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