PSYCH 2410 1st EditionLecture 21Outline of Motivation and Achievement I. What is IntelligenceII. Engagement in SchoolOutline of Moral DevelopmentI. Piaget’s Theory of Moral JudgmentII. Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral DevelopmentMoral Development- Major concern is the reasoning about right and wrong- Major assumption is that development is due to cognitive abilities although there are some social influences- Major method is the response to moral dilemmasI. Piaget’s Theory of Moral Judgment- Basic principle of Piaget’s theory is that there is a rigid acceptance of rules then later moral rules are modifiable- There are two stages and one transitional periodo Under age 6 children look at the consequenceso Older children look to intentions- Stage One (Younger than 7 or 8 years)o Rules are unchangeableo Justice is what authorities say is righto Consequences are important, not intentionso Parental rule is unilateralo Think rules are real things that exist outside of people- Transitional period (7 or 8 to 10 years)o More interaction with peers and more experience with reciprocityo Start to value fairness and equability- Stage Two (11/12 years +)o Moral relativismo Punishment should fit crimeo Take intentions into account- Across cultures, intentions become more important with ageII. Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development - Strongly influenced by Piaget- Stages are discontinuous and hierarchical- The why reflects moral reasoning - Preconventional (6-10 years)o Self-centered reasoningo Getting rewards and avoiding punishment- Conventional (14 years)o Centered on social relationshipso Do right so you are considered good- Postconventional/ principledo Centered on ideals - Critiques:o Cross-cultural differenceso Kohlberg claimed stages were discontinuouso Asses what you say you do, but what would you actually
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