Public Health Final ReviewExam 1 ReviewIntro to Public Health1. Define public health and explain the benefits of a healthy society. 2. List examples of public health policy. 3. Describe current US public health challenges. 4. Explain the current health care spending patterns in the US. 5. List examples of chronic diseases and their causes. 6. Describe a healthy diet and lifestyle. 7. Describe how the American diet has changed over time. Evidence For Nutrition Practice1. Define public health and its three levels of prevention.2. Illustrate and describe how individuals can ultimately impact the health of the nation and explain the resulting impact they can make by developing and implementing policies and preventative interventions. 3. List examples of prevention strategies that assure the health of the public. 4. Compare and contrast the public health approach to the medical care model. 5. Identify and describe aspects, goals, and examples of the spectrum of prevention, including primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. 6. Explain the importance of keeping up to date with trends that impact the public’s health. 7. Explain why there is now a focus on chronic diseases vs. deficiency diseases. 8. Describe the roles, essential knowledge, and skills of a public health nutritionist. 9. Explain the importance of establishing credibility as a public health professional, and describe how to establish credibility.10. Describe how nutrition research has changed over time.11. Define and list examples of nutritional epidemiology. 12. Define the following terms: demographics, independent variables, dependent variables, outcome/endpoint, risk factor. 13. Explain why it is easier to study the direct relationship between diet and disease rather than the relationship of diet and chronic diseases?14. Discuss the inherent difficulties associated with studying diet-disease relationships with respect to the nature of diet, disease, the individual, and the resultant effects.15. Explain why it can be important to pay attention to the end points being measuredin a study when evaluating its results.16. Explain the difference between a finding that has public health v. clinical significance.17. List and access some of the resources public health nutritionists can use to keep up with current research.Exam 2 ReviewStudying Diet Disease Relationships1. Identify, describe, and compare and contrast the types of studies used in nutrition research (including meta-analysis) and explain the advantages and disadvantages for eachthat are specific to their designs. 2. Explain the concept of a confounder and provide examples.3. Explain why studies of diet-disease relationships typically “begin” with population-based epi studies and “end” with clinical trials.4. Explain what it takes to establish causality in a diet-disease relationship. 5. Explain what p value means and what it tells us about a study’s findings.SNAP1. ID the NC agency that oversees the Food and Nutrition Services Program.2. Define and describe the purpose of the SNAP program.3. Briefly list the eligibility criteria for SNAP benefits.4. Describe the Electronic Benefits Card, including its uses and limitations. 5. Identify the greatest recipients of SNAP benefits in NC.6. Describe reasons why there is low participation in the SNAP program.7. Explain the purpose of SNAP-outreach.8. Describe unique challenges that individuals face who are food insecure.9. Describe the national SNAP-Ed program goals and focus.10. Describe the key behavioral outcomes that SNAP-Ed hopes their participants will achieve.11. Explain how SNAP-Ed is implemented.12. Define cooperative extension.13. List examples of programs implemented by SNAP-Ed and describe the populations targeted by these programs.WIC1. Describe the WIC program and what it provides to the recipients. 2. List the eligibility criteria for WIC.3. List and describe the foods provided to women and infants enrolled in the WIC program. 4. List three health risks associated with not breastfeeding. 5. Describe three WIC specific action points from the Surgeon General's Call to Action to Support Breastfeeding. 6. Evaluate the data related to North Carolina breastfeeding trends. 7. Describe how WIC supports breastfeeding. 8. Describe the aspects of the WIC breastfeeding policy. SFSP1) Describe how food insecurity and obesity coexist.2) List factors that contribute to stress on the family and the types of foods families may consume when they are food insecure.3) Identify the health result when families have a lack of access to healthy foods and when they are under stress. 4) List health and development issues related to food insecurity and obesity.5) Describe the Summer Food Service Program, including the purpose and who they target.6) Describe the roles and responsibilities of the sponsors. Identify who can be a sponsor. 7) Define a “site” and describe the responsibilities of a site.8) Identify community resources to reduce food insecurity.9) Identify ways in which you can help reduce food insecurity among children. Dr. Tillman’s LectureWhat is public health? What are some public health decisions you make yourself?You can make a greater public health impact when you remove the individual’s decision from a matter and make something required. (e.g. vaccines)Is obesity a personal problem or a public health problem?Give examples of public health related jobs. Exam 3 ReviewApplying Nutrition to Public Health1. Define and describe the Healthy People 2020 goals. 2. List and describe the determinants of health. 3. Given a description of a person's health determinants, create an intervention plan for better health. 4. Describe why the RDAs/DRIs were developed and how they should be used. 5. Define the terms: EAR:RDA:UL:AI:6. Describe the mission of the Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion and list some examples of their work. 7. Describe the purpose, importance, and three central points of the dietary guidelines.8. Describe the purpose of choosemyplate.gov and it's various components. 9. Describe the purpose of the Healthy Eating Index and the components of the scoring standards. 10. Compare and contrast the roles of the FDA and the FTC in regards to the food label. 11. Compare and contrast nutrient content claims, health claims, qualified health claims, and structure function claims. Childhood Obesity1. Define “at risk for overweight” and “overweight” in children according to the CDC growth