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UNC-Chapel Hill PSYC 101 - Medical

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II. Social loafingPsych 101 1st Edition Lecture 20Outline of Last Lecture II. Social loafingIII. PrevalenceIV. Etiology V. PrognosisVI. Ego-syntonic versus ego- dystonicVII. Lifetime RatesVIII.Gender differenceIX. Defining mental disorderOutline of Current Lecture II. MedicalIII. BehavioralIV. Socio-culturalV. Cognitive VI. Diathesis-stressVII. The Basic Cognitive PrincipleVIII.DSMIX. DSM-5 changesX. Anxiety DisordersCurrent Lecture• Medical: Psychological disorders have some biological origin. • Reductionism: breaking it down to very small parts. Small Biological parts. • Behavioral: psychological disorders are a result of learning or conditioning. • Socio-cultural: certain disorders that you many expect to see across all cultures. • Cultural general versus cultural specific: only in certain places or parts of the world. • E.g. Ataques de Nervios• Cognitive (cognitive-behavioral): in-between something happening to you and what’s reallygoing on is how you interpret factors. • Diathesis-stress: some sort of vulnerability. The Basic Cognitive Principle• People are upset not because of events or situations, which occur, but by the meaning that people give to events or situations.• When the meaning is negative, negative emotions result.Why do we diagnose?• What the point?• Treatment, Research, Prediction, and Patients and their Families. What is the DSM?• Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders• Official manual for diagnosing mental disorders in the US, outlines criteria to meet to be diagnosed with each disorder• Published by American Psychiatric Association • Lists approximately 400 disorders• Current edition: DSM-V (May 2013)• Diagnostic and Statistical Manual - IV• Axis I - Clinical Disorders. • Axis II - Personality Disorders: extreme maladaptive personality styles. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AEWsxCrMM1U (Antisocial)• Axis III - Physical/medical problems: taking into account their physical condition.• Axis IV - Psychosocial/environmental problems: current stressors in their life.• Axis V - Global Assessment of Functioning: rating people on a 0-100 scale. DSM-5 changes*Format1. Multiaxial system removed. 2. Dimensional assessments introduced.3. Reorganizational of the disorders.Cons of the DSM• Overpathalogizes• Overlap of symptoms • Comorbidity• Labeling individuals https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ssx_riw1Y9Y• Diagnostic criteria for various disorders change each edition, but mental disorders arguably don’t. Implications? Anxiety Disorders: over anxiety and avoidance.• Most include irrational fear and avoidance• Types:• Specific phobia: being afraid in very specific types of events that don’t involve people. • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1h3Dh5QAD7w• Social anxiety disorder: specific types of fears in social situations. You’re afraid of being negatively evaluated by others.• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0_P11p1a-cs• GAD: generalized anxiety disorder. Free floating anxiety. But no reason to be. Needless worrying.• Agoraphobia: people that are afraid of being in places where escape is difficult. ,• Panic


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