a. The act or action of imparting or transmitting ideas, information, facts or feeling to a secondary party.b. Communication involves the sending, receiving and interpretation of messages.c. Effective Communication: occurs when the receiver understands the message as in tended by the senderi. Communication is ALWAYS a two-way sender to receiver and backii. The three points of the one minute manager is all about communication.KIN 464 Communication Outline of Current Lecture I. Interpersonal communication II. Importance of CommunicationIII. Effective Communication is vital in all management functionsIV. The communication processV. 6 barriers to effective communicationVI. Communication and the Formal OrganizationCurrent LectureI. Interpersonal communication a. The act or action of imparting or transmitting ideas, information, facts or feeling to a secondary party.b. Communication involves the sending, receiving and interpretation of messages. c. Effective Communication: occurs when the receiver understands the message as in tended by the senderi. Communication is ALWAYS a two-way sender to receiver and backii. The three points of the one minute manager is all about communication. II. Importance of Communicationa. Integral part of managingb. central to human activity c. Directly relates to every function of management III. Effective Communication is vital in all management functionsa. Planningb. Decision-makingi. authoritarian: tell someone what to do and sell them on the benefitsii. participative: consult and joinc. Coordinatingd. Leadinge. Delegatingf. Controlling g. OrganizingIV. The communication process – 8 stepa. Idea originationb. Idea Generationi. The source of planned communicationThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.ii. Here it is important that the sender carefully considers ideas before developing a message.c. The Message i. Formalization of the ideas which the sender wishes to convey (verbal and non-verbal)ii. Here it is important that the sender carefully frames the message to minimize misunderstanding.iii. Communication is a joint process1. Sender: writes, talks and acts2. Receiver: reads and responds, listens and responds, watches and respondsd. Channel selectioni. **the KEY to effective communicationii. Common channels: writing speaking, electronic media and nonverbal physical actionsiii. Common ways to transmit: face to face, written letters, fax, computer printouts, phone, etc.e. Encoding – are they going to interpret it the way I meant it?i. Refers to the symbols or gestures a sender selects to transmit a message through the desired channel so that the receiver decodes it properly.ii. Not just WHAT you say but HOW you say itiii. Common forms: charts, tables, facial looks, purposeful anger, words and writing, narratives, discourse.iv. Body language: 90% of messages are communicated non-verbally, 58% of a first impression is based on appearance, 38% is based on a way we sound, 7% is based on what we actually have to say.v. It is important to use professional, non-sexist, inclusive and age-appropriate languagevi. You should model what you want your people to replicatef. Transmissioni. Physical activity of giving messageg. Receiverh. Decodingi. When the receiver translates the sender’s symbols and gestures into meaningful thought.ii. If sender and receiver have similar values, experiences and word interpretations, there is less chance of a communication breakdown.iii. Effective communication occurs when a receiver interprets the message from the sender in the same way as the sender intended.iv. Stuart Halli. Feedback i. An acknowledgement that the message was receivedii. Empathy:1. The key to becoming a better listener lies in developing empathy2. It is being sensitive or aware of the feelings, thoughts and experiences of othersiii. 5 tips:1. pay attention to who is talking2. listen to both the content and emotion3. ask questions for additional insight4. demonstrate your understanding5. concluding as show you are on the same pageV. 6 barriers to effective communication:a. semantics barrier: problems about word meanings b. resistance to change: people resist new ideas, new ways, or changes to the statusquo (sell them on the benefits to breakdown resistance)c. perception differences: receiver’s perception of message different from that of the sender (perception is reality) d. listening barrier: receiver fails to listen, concentrate, and be alert to the message transmittede. credibility barrier: occurs when the sender is not trustedf. noise barrier: refers to any factor that causes confusion, distortion, or disturbs communication (poor lighting, hand writing, etc.)g. Suggestions to overcome these barriers:i. Know your audienceii. Know your subjectiii. Plan your communicationiv. Actions speak louder than words-reinforce your communication through your actions.VI. Communication and the Formal Organization:a. Communication effectiveness: receiver responds as sender wishes to messageb. What affects communication effectiveness in the organization? c. The philosophy of higher management:i. Openness “open door policy”d. The corporate culturei. Behavior, un-written norms, interactions, values, feelings, etc.e. The type of organization structurei. Centralized- vertical organization with smaller spans of control; scalar chain observedii. Decentralized- horizontal structure; communications tend to flow more freely upwardf. The communication networks-flow of infoi. Downii. Upiii. Laterally- violates scalar principle (Fayol’s Gangplank or bridge-cross communicating btw departments)g. The Grapevinei. The communication system of the informal organizationii. Not seen on the organization chartiii. Invisible yet real and permanentiv. Anyone may use itv. Efficient in transmitting infovi. Cannot distinguish btw the truth and false infoh. External communicationi. Method of relating to public (media/public relation, sport info/communication departments)ii. EX: direct mailing, advertising, press releases, media guides, social mediaiii. Organization should develop strategy for externally communicating effectively in light of their communication