DOC PREVIEW
TAMU SOCI 304 - Terrorism and White collar crime
Type Lecture Note
Pages 4

This preview shows page 1 out of 4 pages.

Save
View full document
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 4 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 4 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience

Unformatted text preview:

Socio 304 1nd Edition Lecture 16 Outline of Last Lecture I. VideoOutline of Current Lecture II. Gang violence III. Cycle of violenceIV. Family violenceCurrent LectureGang and Family Violence1. Gang Violencea. Thrasher (1927) The Gang: A Study of 1,313 Gangs in Chicagob. Youth gangsi. "a gang is an interstitial group originally formed spontaneously and then integrated through conflict"ii. Note: among illegal activity is not mentionedb. Miller (1970) defined a gang more in terms of its organizational characteristics anddynamics.c. Finn-Aage Esbensen (2000):i. To classify a group as a youth gang, you need several elements:1. *** involvement in illegal activity IS a central elementb. History of gangs in USAi. 1920s-1940s: turf (land/property)ii. 1950s: teenage gangsiii. 1960s: drugsb. Organizational features of "urban" gangsi. Vertical -- clear line of authority; clear leaderii. Horizontal -- multiple small sets (20-30 people) of gangs, no elaborate line ofcommand1. Bloods/Crips (both LA gangs) are horizontally organizedb. Shakur's Monster (1993)i. Autobiographical account of becoming a gang member for Cripsii. Eleven years old "courted in/jumped in"1. Had to shoot someone to be "in" gangii. Label: monsteriii. O.G. status, three stagesThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.iv. Emphasis on reputation1. Had to keep up tough imageii. Who was his family as he became further involved in gang life?1. Relationship with mother declined2. Gangmembers (homeboys) were more his familyb. Gangs in Pattillo's "Sweet Mothers and Gangbangers: Managing Crime in a Black Middle Class Neighborhood" (1998)i. Social organization and gangs1. Young people in Groveland, Chicago; introduced to gang pathway, but also to organization2. There's peace in the community, even though gangs exist there3. Groveland: stability and dense networks facilitate social control but do not prevent criminal behaviorb. NCVS:i. 1993: 9%ii. 2003: 6%iii. Not a huge number, but it is a national estimateb. Gangs, Gender, and Violence (Jody Miller, 2009)i. Gender organization of gangs1. Mixed gender gangs with male and female members (most common)2. All female gangs, affiliated with male gangs (auxiliary gang)3. Independent female gangs (least common)4. Gang involved youth (both male and female) are more likely than youthnot in gangs to participate in delinquency (facilitative effect)2. Cycle of Violence (Kathy Widom)a. Hypothesis: when abused children become abusers and when victims of violence become violent offendersi. Cycle of violence may refer to abuse as a child leading to abuse as a parent (many do not later engage as violence)ii. Or childs abuse can lead to delinquent behaviors (violent acts)b. Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS) -- how often did you experience violence as a child? Scale of 0-25; can predictc. Social Learning Perspective - if you were abused, you learned to engage in violence, or tolerate itd. Physical Abuse: when an individual "knowingly and willfully inflicted unnecessary severe corporal punishment" or "unnecessary physical suffering" upon a child or children (ex.) striking, punching, kicking, biting, throwing, or burning).e. Sexual Abuse: involves a variety of charged ranging from relatively non-specific ones such as "assault and battery with intent to gratify sexual desires", to more specific and detailed charges of "fondling and touching in an obscene manner."f. Neglect: refers to cases in which the court found a child to have no proper parent care or guardianshipi. To be destitute or homeless or to be living in a physically dangerous environmentii. Neglect reflects a judgment that the behavior represents a serious omission by the parentsb. Widom's Studyi. Design of study is notable:1. Prospective study (not retrospective) -- looks into present, therefore the study worked with children, rather than working with adults and asking if they were abused in the past2. Separate abused and neglected groups3. Matched cohort design -- abused grouped with control group of same sex, age, race, economic status that were not abused4. Had a large study sampleii. Findings:1. Through multivariate analyses, found that those who had experienced physical abuse and neglected showed higherlevels of violence in adulthood2. Those who had been sexually abused did not show elevated violence in adulthood3. Support for cycle of violence limited to physical abuse and neglect, not sexual abuse.2. Family Violencea. Johnson (1995): Two types of Intimate Partner Violencei. Patriarchal terrorism: man takes on role of authority; meant to dominate someone else (can involve cutting someone off from economic resources, threats to partner or family, isolation of partner, etc.) -- male is perpetratorii. Common couple violence: a form of marital violence, used for conflict resolution -- male or female as perpetrator1. See a gender different in type or seriousness of injuries sustained (mentypically inflict worse injuries on females)b. Theoretical Perspectivesi. Social Disorganization Theory1. Being in a disorganized neighborhood = disorganized household2. Social Learning -- you learn to engage in violence because it was done to you3. Social Control --4. Neutralization -- denial of responsibility5. Self-Control --b. Types of Violencei. Co-occurring partner violence and child abuse1. When adults in household have been victimized, risk of child victimization increases.2. Exposure to violence (direct and indirect victimization)a. Direct -- it happens to you personallyb. Indirect -- you see it happening to someone else - has really harmful consequences on kidsi. Can witness violence in neighborhoods, etc -- not just at homeb. Family as Institution (Gelles)i. Time of Risk: we spend a lot of time interacting with our families1. Routine activities perspective (Payne and Gainey, 2009)2. Theres more opportunity for conflict to occurii. Range of Activitires and Interests - people have different interests - opportunity for conflictiii. Intensity of Invovlements - conflict can brew and become more intenseiv. Age and Sex Differencesv. Ascribed Rolesvi. Privacy -- only the people in the family usually know what goes on at home in isolation ** most


View Full Document
Download Terrorism and White collar crime
Our administrator received your request to download this document. We will send you the file to your email shortly.
Loading Unlocking...
Login

Join to view Terrorism and White collar crime and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or
We will never post anything without your permission.
Don't have an account?
Sign Up

Join to view Terrorism and White collar crime 2 2 and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or

By creating an account you agree to our Privacy Policy and Terms Of Use

Already a member?