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UNT CJUS 3310 - Ch. 7 Summary

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CJUS 3310 Organized and Consensual CrimeChapter 7 Summary- Appreciate the effect of prejudice on domestic black criminal organizations and how the VietnamWar influenced black criminals:o African American criminal groups are using the drug trade much as their Irish, Jewish, and Italian predecessors did bootlegging.o Black opportunity in organized crime has roughly paralleled opportunity—and discrimination—in the wider legitimate community.o The Vietnam War exposed many black soldiers to the heroin markets of the Golden Triangle, allowing black criminals to bypass the American Mafia and buy directly from suppliers in Thailand.o Frank Lucas and Nicky Barnes had a fatal flaw—high public profiles.o For African American criminals, the prison experience often forms the basis for partnerships in organized crime.- The development of the Gangster Disciples (GDs) and their primary Chicago opponents, the Black P. Stone Nation:- The bureaucratic model was adopted by Chicago's Gangster Disciples—their size requires a corporate-style structure.- The GDs are active in selling cocaine and heroin throughout Chicago, a number of suburban areas, and in several states and also extort money from other drug dealers.- The GDs have been warring with the Black P. Stone Nation on and off for decades.- The GD and El Rukns followed a long-standing Chicago tradition of criminals being involvement in politics.- Know the factors thwarting African Americans from following the historical pattern of neighborhood-gangs-into-organized-crime:o Black criminal groups in the United States lack the incubation provided by the corrupt urban political machines and ineffective federal law enforcement of previous centuries.o A low level of cohesiveness, loose organization, high member turnover, and unstable leadership hinders the ability of typical street gangs to become organized crime.- The variable that make West Africa attractive for the development of criminal organizations:o In West Africa, chronic armed conflict, extremely high rates of poverty, porous border security, governmental inefficiency, and corruption promote the growth of organized crime.o African criminals form project-based cells organized by kinship along ethnic or clan lines which complete an operation and disperse to regroup at a later date for another transaction.o In addition to drug trafficking in people, African criminal organizations have diversified portfolios that include trafficking in people, stolen vehicles, natural resources, firearms, counterfeiting and intellectual piracy, and cyber-crime.- Appreciate the role of Nigerian criminal organizations in the globalization of organized crime:o Nigerian criminal entrepreneurs are among the most aggressive and expansionist international criminal groups are engaged in drug trafficking and financial funds.o Nigerian police are poorly organized and financed, and carry the baggage of British during which the police served as an instrument of colonialism.o Organizational structures are flexible and fluid, cell-like syndicates that break apart and reform in other criminal initiatives with interchangeable member along tribal or family ties and high-level traffickers seldom deal with outsiders.o The most notorious of Nigerian crimes is the "419 Scam".- Know the role of island politics in the development of Jamaican organized crime:o Jamaica has a high murder rate and, with 638 miles of coastline and over a hundred unmonitored airstrips, is a major transit point for cocaine entering the United States and the largest producer and exporter of marijuana in the Caribbean.o Similar to historical ties between big city political machines and gangs in the United States, Jamaican criminal organizations have strong political affiliations with one of Jamaica's two major parties.o In a pattern similar to Mussolini's campaign against the Mafia, enforcement activities in Jamaica drove many criminals into the United Stated where they linked with Colombianslooking for street-level distributors.o Jamaican criminal bring with them several advantages including the ability to speak English, a reputation for being fearless, and extensive experience with


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UNT CJUS 3310 - Ch. 7 Summary

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