PHYS 105 1nd EditionExam # 3What is equal temperament?- It is the most common tuning system in Western music, this scale is based on 5 equal whole tone and two semitone What happens when you pluck a string at the center?- It would excite nodes n = 1,3,5,7…What would happen if you plucked a string at 1/5 of the string length?- It would excite all nodes besides n = 1What is intrinsic sound impedance?- The acoustic impedance times the area What is a tone hole?- The tone holes are used to change the effective length of the woodwind instruments and radiate sounds out of music instruments - If the open holes are regularly spaces, it acts as a filter that transmits high frequency but reflects those of low frequencyWhy is the cut off frequency important?- The cut off frequency of the tone hole lattice is an important factor in determining the timbre of the instrument What are the register holes?- A register hole or vent is designed to destructively interfere with the fundamental resonance of the air column and force oscillations at the next strongest resonance What is the effective length of a hyperbass flute to play at the note off C0 at 16 Hz?- 16 = v/ 2L- 16 = 343/2L- L = 10.7 metersWhat is the lowest note that a 3 meter long contrabass clarinet?- A clarinet is a closed tube- F = 343/4L- F =343/4(3)- F = 29 Hertz Is a clarinet an open or closed tube?- Closed tubeIs an oboe an open or closed tube?- Closed tube Is a flute an open or closed tube?- Opened tube What vocal structures does the larynx include?- The vocal folds and the glottis What are the components of the speech production?- Lung, larynx and the vocal track What does the vocal track include?- Pharynx, nasal cavity and the oral cavityDoes the mouth radiate more efficiently at higher frequency, a rise of 6 dB/octave? True or false?- True What is a formant?- The resonance of the vocal track - They are spectral peaks of a sound spectrum What two categories are phonemes divided into?- Vowels and consonantsWhat does the intelligibility of speech in noisy environments depend on?- It depends on the spectrum of the interfering noise It is not possible to achieve an acceptable level of articulation with a band-pas filter, with a surprising narrow pass-band. True or false?- False, it is possible What types of frequencies pass through a low pass filter?- Low frequencies What types of frequencies pass through a high pass filter?- High frequencies What do vocal folds control?- PitchWhat does the vocal track determine?- Determines the vowel sounds through its formants and articulates the consonants What do singing formants enhance?- They enhance high frequency
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