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ECU RELI 1000 - Theodicy: Encountering Evil

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RELI 1000 Lecture 13- Theodicy: Encountering Evilo Theodicy-Justifying the ways of God in the face of chaos, evil and suffering in the world. - Theodicy: - “Theos” -God, “dike”- Justice.- Types of Theodicy- Mystical participation Theodicy.o Suffering is a corporate experience –a necessary part of life. It is a step to survival in other members of society-siblings -immortality It is the opposite of death, the continuing life & prosperity of the clan/ tribe.o E. g Indigenous religions.- 2. A Future - this Worldly Theodicyo Better things are on the way.o Compensation for present suffering is in the near future (a bright future). o Justice will come in a future life. o E.g  Christianity  Marxism Hinduism Confucianism Stoicism- 3. Other –Worldly Theodicyo Compensation for evil, injustice and suffering in the life after death.  Good actions – > heaven/Paradise (a peaceful place)  Evil action –> hell (continuous suffering). Examples: Western religions, Mahayana Buddhism. Shi’i Islam: - God gave Hussein the keys to paradise.- All who die defending him will go straight to paradise just as he went.- 4. Dualist Theodicy (Gnostics)o Because God and Satan exist, evil and good existo God is the origin of good things God of light and truth did not create this material world. He is not responsible for earthily suffering. o Satan is the origin of suffering and evil.  Satan created the world, therefore he is responsible for evil and suffering. o E.g Christian Gnostics Victory over evil will take place in a distant cosmic with a victory of “God of Light over Satan’s power of “Darkness”o Also Zoroastrianism, Beginning of Christianity, Islam .- The Karma –Samsara TheodicyThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.o Classical Indian theodicy (Hinduism/Buddhism/Jainism)o Suffering is caused by our past actions.o Every individual thought and action have effects. o Samsara- the wheel of rebirth & reincarnation enables the soul pass through a sequence of bodies.o Progress between stages of rebirth depends on one’s responsibility (dharma). o Goal of life – Moksha – Union of atman with Brahman - Monotheistic Theodicyo This is a problematic theodicy because of God’s attributes.o God’s attributes:  If God is good, loving, omnipotent and omniscient. Why can’t he prevent suffering? o “Is he (God) willing to prevent evil but not able? Then he is impotent. Is he able, but not willing? Then he is malevolent. Is he both able and willing ? Why is there evil?” - David Humeo It is based on the narrative of Job in Judaism, Christianity and Islam.  1) Suffering is punishment for sin 2) Suffering is a test and a necessary condition of “Soul making.” 3) Suffering is a mystery of God’s sovereignty - A Theodicy of Submission - A Theodicy of Protesto It protests any attempt to justify the ways of God.o It is associated with Elie Wiesela Jewish writer, a Holocaust survivor, Author of The Trial of God.o “God should be put on trial for crimes against humanity.”- Elie Wiesel, o Although evil results from human freedom, God is also responsible for allowing too much suffering.o Portrays God as limited, therefore not omnipotent.- Process Theodicyo Nothing, not even God can determine the being of others. o Evil exists due to decisions that are not God’s.o God cannot eliminate evil, he can only minimize it, but he always maximizes good. o God’s will and purpose can be frustrated or defeated by earthily power of evil.o This theory is attractive to theists.- Conclusion o Theodicy is an attempt to explain the existence of evil, suffering, death and social injustices especially in the presence of God. o Different theodicies are convincing to those who believe in particular faiths. o Are these attempts


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