BIO 196 1st Edition Lecture 18 Outline of Last Lecture I. PreDiabetesII. CDC 2012III. Type 1IV. LADA V. Type 2Outline of Current Lecture I. Type 1II. Type 2III. Pima IndiansIV. Symptoms Current LectureI. Type 1a. Autoimmune disease b. Beta cells attack pancreasi. Why they have high blood sugar (those not treated yet)II. Type 2a. Insulin resistanceb. Insulin deficiencyc. More glucagon being released (causes blood sugar to rise, when blood sugar already high!)i. Liver being told incorrectly to “dump” glucagon into bloodd. Risk increases with age, lack of activity, and obesitye. Increasing in womenf. Relationship between BMI and risk of Type 2These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.i. Suggestions to make BMI <25, especially for certain ethnicities and womenii. Fat location makes a difference too!1. Visceral fat increases risk2. Peripheral fat (right under the skin) not an increased riskg. Not until late 80s and 90s that Type 2 affected kidsi. People usually didn’t get until 50!ii. We used to call it, Adult Onset or Maturity Onset Diabetes h. Kids started putting on weight i. *The earlier you have high blood sugars, the earlier the complications come with iti. Body will be much more damagedj. Type 2 Diabetes in kids and teens accounts for 8-45% of newly diagnosed cases (CDC 2009)k. Type 2 is not a mild diseasel. Bottom Line: w/o insulin or normally working insulin, blood sugars remain high i. High blood sugars mean harm to the body!III. Pima Indiansa. 20X kidney failure than U.S. population b. Over 41% of women and 31% of men have Type 2c. Sent crappy food when starving; no protein, etc.i. Pima still living in Mexico have way less complications IV. Symptomsa. Intense thirst and increased urinationi. Body has to pee to get rid of excess glucoseb. Hunger- Type 1: body breaking down, and once diagnosed and insulin pumped in, they get hungryi. Type 2, told to eat more because the body thinks it is not getting enough energyc. Blurred vision-blood vessels in eye get damagedd. Fatigue- due to lack of glycogen in muscles; dehydratione. Acetone breath-Type
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