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CU-Boulder IPHY 2420 - Sport Supplements & Ergogenic Aids

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IPHY 2420 1nd Edition Lecture 28Outline of Last Lecture - November 10, 20141. WOUND HEALING –Addressing nutrient needs with diet2. Who Has difficulties Healing Wounds? – Epidemiology 3. Meth Addiction: (and other drugs)4. How do you close a wound?5. Hypermetabolism6. Nutrients Needed for Wound Healing7. Contributing Conditions8. Poor Circulation9. Untreated InfectionsOutline of Current Lecture – November 12, 20141. Sport Supplements & Ergogenic Aids2. Protein Powder3. Creatine4. Anabolic Steroids5. Growth Hormones6. EPO’s Current Lecture:1. Sport Supplements & Ergogenic Aids- Ergogenic aid: Any external source that aids in performance- Supplements: Not regulated by the government – no trials or long term studies YOU arethe experiment. Do not need to demonstrate that their products are safe or effective- you can’t sue anyone if they are not safe. Do not have to prove if claims are true, they only have to remove harmful products if taken to court by the FDA. - Regulated Drugs: Take 8-10 years to actually reach the market 2. Protein Powder- Usually from a milk protein - Whey (fast digestion)These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Casein (slow digesting)- Processing:o Concentrate: Least processed, 80-90% Protein (Least $$)o Isolate: Almost all lactose but fat has been removed.o Hydrolysate: Highly processed, proteins already broken down into peptides so your body can absorb and use it immediately. (Most $$)- Why is it used? o Athletes: Incredibly high protein requirements for duration, intensity and adaptation. Runners and endurance sport athletes need more protein than any one else.o Benefits: People with limited access to quality protein sources, convenience, to help people eat after exercise, athletes (less bulky), low calorie & low fat, elderly people can drink it if they have tooth problems.o Drawbacks: Not good for lactose intolerant people, less filling than whole proteins, good stuff removed during processing (iron, minerals and vitamins), concerns over sweeteners and preservatives, make it easier to over-consume protein (Too much protein turns into fat). 3. Creatine- Occurs naturally in muscles, increases ATP, provides energy. (The problem is they only give you more energy for activates that are 10 seconds long)- Animal Proteins provide creatine in diet- Synthetically derived supplements- Not good for long duration workouts- How does it work?o Increases energy by storing energy in muscleso Improved energy for lifting (not endurance)o Draws water into muscles – you look bulky and strong. Muscle cells have pressure from the water and the cell adapts to make muscles stronger.o Most of the bulk is from the water. - Benefits: Increased muscle growth, improved endurance for short sprints, improved recovery.- Drawbacks: Cramps, no other documented problems.- Long-Term Concerns: We don’t know how the body long term is impacted by overdose of creatine. Some research into cognitive ability. 4. Anabolic Steroids- Testosterone – Natural hormone with wide range of effects throughout the body.- Most steroids are synthetic versions of testosterone. Many forms: Pill, injection, skin patch, cream - They have anabolic and androgenic effects on the body in varying degrees.- ANABOLIC: building – increased protein synthesis, decrease in protein breakdown, stimulates bone marrow (increase red-blood cell, increase oxygen) Result in muscle size, improved recovery and increase in metabolism. - ANDROGENIC: Masculine Characteristics – Deepening of voice, male-patterned baldness and acne. Occur in men and women. (The acne from steroids is different then bacterial acne – it is deep pitting acne that leaves scars)- Other Health Concerns: o Too much testosterone could impact the liver: increased chance of hypertension and blood lipid tissues. o Suppression of natural testosterone: signals body to stop making natural testosterone – converts extra testosterone into estrogen. o Gynecomastia: Male development of breasts due to excessive stimulation of breast muscles due to over dose of estrogen. (Reversible after regular testosterone levels even)- Benefits: Traumatic injury, wasting diseases (cancer & AIDS) older males (rebuilds tissues and slows down muscle loss, increased movement for males) 5. Growth Hormones:- Naturally occurring peptide hormoneso Pituitary Glands o Messi – Took them as a child to increase growth (failure to thrive) - HGH: Synthetic version of a human growth hormone- Complex Functions: Protein Synthesis, glucose, production in the liver- When its taken when you stop growing it makes everything keep growing again.- Benefits: Deficiency in adolescents, athletic Performance?? – - Health Concerns: Over grown organs – liver, spleen and bones. IRREVERSIBLE ORGAN GROWTH. This causes joint swelling, pain and carpal tunnel, increase in blood glucose production from liver, potential for diabetes, metabolic syndrome risks.6. Erythropoietin (EPO) - Hormone controlling red blood cell production (RBC)- Clinically used to treat anemia- Inadequate RBC’s to process oxygen- Oxygen transport is the #1 limitation in endurance performance - 99% of Tour de France riders used EPO in the 1990’s - Blood Doping: Armstrong use to blood dope by meeting a doctor during the peak of the workout to take some of his highly oxygenated blood – then right before a race he gets injected with his own oxygen saturated blood. How do you catch this if it’s your own blood? – The blood is stored in plastic carrier – so they tested the blood for the plastic residue.- What makes a great athlete?o Trainingo Geneticso Variations in human formo Food as fuel – Superfood!o Natural


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CU-Boulder IPHY 2420 - Sport Supplements & Ergogenic Aids

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