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UIUC ATMS 100 - Hurricanes: Devastation and Forecasting

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Lecture 19Outline of Last Lecture I. Review: Hurricane IngredientsII. Hurricane DevelopmentIII. Hurricane DissispationIV. Huricane Structure- SatelliteV. Hurricane Structure- RadarVI. Air FlowVII. The Stadium EffectVIII. Conservation of Angular MomentumIX. Left and RightX. Destructive Forces in a HurricaneXI. Hurricane WindsXII. ExampleOutline of Current Lecture XIII. Destructive Forces in a HurricaneXIV. Saffir-Simpson ScaleXV. Hurricane AndrewXVI. Storm SurgeATMS 100 1st EditionXVII. Storm Surge-WindXVIII. Storm Surge-PressureXIX. Hurricane KatrinaXX. Katrina and New OrleansXXI. Hurricane Ivan- TornadoesXXII. Hurricane ForecastingCurrent LectureXXIII. Destructive Forces in a Hurricanea. strong windsb. storm sutgec. inland floodingd. tornadoesXXIV. Saffir-Simpson Scalea. determined by maximum sustained wind speedb. Category 1i. weakestc. Category 5i. strongestd. category 6 does not existe. pressure is not measured on this scaleXXV. Hurricane Andrewa. made landfall just south of MIami, FL in early morning of August 2th, 1992i. winds: 160 mph; pressure in US historyii. Category 5b. Damage: $26.5 billion 1992 dollarsc. Deaths: 65d. Made second landfall in Lousiana on August 26th, 1992XXVI. Storm Surgea. storm surge is rise in the sea level due to a tropical cycloneb. winds pile up water against hte coastc. low pressure allows sea level to rise i. there is less force pressing down on the ocean surfaced. storm surge is most intense in the right front quadrant of a hurricaneXXVII. Storm Surge-Winda. winds pile water against coastb. effect strongest in right-front quadrant of stormXXVIII. Storm Surge-Pressurea. pressure is weight of atmosphere above youb. lower pressure means less weight of atmosphere pushing downwardi. this allows ocean to bulge upward beneath region of lowest pressureXXIX. Hurricane Katrinaa. made landfall east of New Orleands, LA, on August 29th, 2005i. winds: 125 mph ii. Pressure: 920 mbiii. Third lowest landfall pressure in US historyb. Deaths: 1836 (most in US from hurricane since 1928)c. Damage: $812 billioni. costliest natural disaster in US historyd. Flooded New Orleans and much of SE Louisiana i. water came in New Orleans from NORTHii. New Orleans sits below sea levele. Devestated Mississippi coastlinef. Katrina was a well forecasted storm. It’s intensity and failure of gov-ernement at all levels led to the disasterXXX. Katrina and New Orleansa. Northerly winds direct lake waters into New Orleans b. Levees overtopped and city floodsc. Storm surge funneled into Lake Pontchartrain d. Lake levels rosee. Why was New Orleans so vulnerable to flooding?i. much of the city is below sea levelii. water can get in (gravity) but it can’t get out without pumpsiii. the city looks like a bowl if viewed from the sideXXXI. Hurricane Ivan- Tornadoesa. Tornadoes most common to the right of the eyeXXXII. Hurricane Forecastinga. entire cone is danger area; do not only pay attention to center lineb. Hurricane Watch: Issued when hurricane conditions are expected, gen-erally within 48 hoursc. Hurricane Warning: Hurricane conditions are likely, generally within 36 hoursd. If you are told to evacuate-- do ite. track forecasts have improved greatly; intensity predictions still need worki. subject of current


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UIUC ATMS 100 - Hurricanes: Devastation and Forecasting

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