Mus 152 1nd EditionExam # 2 Study Guide Lectures: 11 - 20 Lecture 11 (September 30)Know vocabChain migration- when someone in your family gets settled in a new place and then you go and tell others, and so on. Immigration- arriving at a new place Emigration- leave a placeOral transmission- word of mouthAural transmission- by word of earGreat Famine- 1840’s- Population dropped 25%- 1 million starved- 1 million emigrated - Chain migration- Huge emigration/immigration wave 1840’s- sense of nostalgia - No Irish Need ApplyHarp: national symbolLecture 12 (October 2)Know basic Irish factsCivil Service was the only place Irish could get employmentCounty Sligo- source of many great musicians Lecture 13 (October 9)Know the large themes from the film “From Shore to Shore” and basic facts- Large themeso Tradition vs. innovation Brian Conway vs. Eileen Iverso Personal/generational circumstances 1st generation: fracture 2nd generation: negotiating two identities 3rd generation: reconnectingo Changing historical circumstances  Harps and pipes eliminated Fiddle and flute travel easily - “Folk Revival”o Reconnecting with earlier styleso Time of competitionsLecture 14 (October 14)Know vocab and basic Cuban facts and traitsSyncretism- blending of traits from very different cultures into something new (Cuban culture is “syncretic”)Syncretic religion- “Santeria”; blends Yoruba practices with Catholicism Yoruba- largest ethnic group in West AfricaYoruba religion- “Orishas”- deities that rule over various human traitsWorshipped through music and danceBata- drum trio (sacred; cared for by priest; religious practice only)Yoruba music often involves 3 drums- Highly polyrhythmic - Very dense texturesClave rhythm (sticks clacked together)Spanish/European music traits:- Harmony- Sectional forms- Tonal blend- String - Woodwinds; brass- Presentational musicSpanish maintained close relations with Spain- Likewise, African culture in Cuba constantly replenished - African slave trade ended in 1880’s in Cuba- In Cuba, it is easier to buy your way out of the slave situation than it is to buy your way out in other places- Therefore: enclaves of freed former slaves- Large agricultural plantations than U.S. and elsewhere- Spanish relatively “hands-off” with culture (language and music; not religion)- Inquisition- combining of church and Spanish stateAfrican music traits maintained in Cuba- Rhythmic complexity - Dialogue (call and respond)- Ostinato forms- DrumsLecture 15 (October 16)Know vocabTres- guitarRumba- music and dance style; street dance; instrumentationDiana- Vocable (nonsense, syllables)Canto (Spanish; verses)Montuno Lecture 16 (October 21)Know basic facts about the film “Buena Vista Social Club”Ry cooder, record producer1996 went to Cuba (20,000 dollar fine)Recorded with older musiciansLecture 17 (October 28)Know big concepts and basic Acadian factsBig concepts- Syncretism - Diffusion - Music reflects social change - Music reflects our humanity- Music teaches us how to function together- Music includes context- Innovation ------ tradition- Heitago- our sense of ourselves in history; relation with the selected pastCajun- Acadian - “American Roots music”- Roots replaced folk in industry- Transmitted orally- Connected to place- Altering from musician to musician- Valued for historical significanceAcadia: now novascotia (Canada)Acadians- S.W. Louisiana, near texas; became dominant ethnic group; “Gumbo” cultureCentral population in New Orleans toward the Texas border also:- Germans - Anglos- African AmericansLecture 18 (October 30)Know basic facts about accordionsFiddle style: rhythmic, mournfulSinging style: forceful, hardAccordion- 1820’s: invented in Germany - Mass produced- Musical weedo Loudo Rhythmico Relatively easy to playCajun accordion - Hardwood - Tough - Loud- At first, just rhythm“Mainstream American”- Protestant- English speaking- WhiteLecture 19 (November 4)Know basic facts about the film “Jai ete au bal”Translated to English it means: “I went to the dance”Roots of Cajun and Zydeco music in S.W. LouisianaDirector: Les BlankLecture 20 (November 6)Know basic facts/recapTimeline recap:- French in Acadia 1600’s- 1755 exile- 1770’s resettlement in LA- “Acadians” -> “Cajuns”- Gumbo culture: Cajun/ creole - Bal de maison- Fiddle- accompanied + drone style- Titfer triangle- Late 19th century accordion - Amede Ardoin (Denis McGee)- 1930’s Americanism, assimilation- Post WWII revival- Regional became national 1964- Newport, Rhode Island Folk Festival - Rock n roll influence 1960’sMichael Doucet- folklorist, violinist - Beausoleil- band- Cajun rock- cool to be Cajun