SPH-H 263 1nd Edition Lecture 18 Outline of Last Lecture I. Weight managementII. Fat distribution Outline of Current Lecture I. Obesity II. Related conditions III. Body composition IV. Things to keep in mindV. Weight assessment methodsVI. Genetic and Heredity FactorsVII. Physiological FactorsVIII. Hormonal FactorsIX. Biological FactorsX. Psychosocial FactorsCurrent LectureI. Obesity- More than 1/3 of U.S. adults are obese- 3rd preventable cause of death in U.S. behind smoking and high blood pressure- Doubles mortality rate and can reduce life expectancy by 10-20 yearsII. Related Conditions - Hypertension (high blood pressure)- Diabetes- Heart disease These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Stroke- Certain cancers- Sleep and breathing disorders- Gallbladder and kidney diseases/failure- Circulation issues- Retinal damage/blindness III. Body Composition- Proportion of total body weight that is fat (percentage of body fat)- Not all fat cells are created equalIV. Things to Keep in Mind- Total weight is not most important issue for health- What’s most important is amount of percentage that is fat- Maintaining an energy balanceV. Weight assessment methods- Height-weight chart- BMI- Skinfold measurement - Bioelectrical impedance analysis VI. Genetic and Hereditary Factors - 600+ genes linked to obesity, affect body size and fat distribution - 2 parents obese=80% risk- 1 parent obese=50% risk- Hereditary influences environmental can be balanced with diet and exerciseVII. Physiological Factors- Resting metabolic rate- Hereditary and behavior affect metabolism - RMR= 60-70% of daily energy, 10% food digestion, 20-30% physical activity- Weight loss= decreased RMR and energyVIII. Hormonal Factors- Plays role in developmental and/or accumulation of fat- Leptin is secreted by fat cells for regulating appetite and metabolism IX. Biological Factors- Amount of fat the body can store is a function of the number and size of fat cells- When existing fat cells are filled, the body makes moreX. Psychosocial Factors- Emotional coping (eating)- Socioeconomic status- Social-culture norms- Family values, habits and