IUB CHEM-C 118 - Combinatorial Chemistry Discovery of an Antibiotic Compound Full Report

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C118 Laboratory:Combinatorial ChemistryDiscovery of an Antibiotic CompoundFull Report (Typed)Deadline: Friday 9 Oct 2009Combinatorial chemist performs parallelfractionation at Albany Molecular Research.Analysis on 96 well plateCombinatorial ChemistryC&E NewsNovember 11, 2002Volume 80, Number 45A technology for synthesizing and characterizing ______________of compounds and screening them for useful properties.Conceived about 20 years ago. Used primarily for synthesis ofpeptide and oligonucleotide libraries.1990’s: synthesis of small, druglike organic compoundsUsed by pharmacuetical and biotech companies in______________.What is a drug?Anti _________ drug Taxol from Bristol-Myers Squibb1960’s Jonathon Hartwell at National Cancer Institute initiated program tocollect samples from 35,000 plants in U.S. to screen for anticancer activity.Hit from bark of Pacific Yew tree.1967 isolated active ingredient called “taxol”How does taxol kill cancer cells?Assembly of microtubule by addition of tubulin1979 Susan Band HorwitzDuring cell division microtubules move ___________to opposite sides of cell so two nuclei can be createdwhen cell divides.To do this, microtubules must _______ and _______ by adding or removing the protein tubulin.Taxol prevents microtubules from shrinking, thusit prevents new cell nuclei from forming.Taxol Binding to Tubulin1998: Scientists at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory created the firstpicture showing how all atoms are arrangedin three dimensional space when taxol________ to tubulin.Now what?What molecular properties affect binding?Design new moleculeswith __________ properties• In 2004, Snyder and Kingston (V. Tech)and Bane (SUNY Binghamton)synthesized a new molecule (______)that shows increased cancer activity up to20 times greater than Taxol.How does combinatorial chemistrycome into the picture?Combichem can be used to modify naturalproducts.From your text:• Traditional methods– 4 lead compounds per month at $7000 each• Combichem– _______ compounds per _______ for $12 eachOverview of your lab1) Prepare set of compounds combinatorially2) Test compounds for antibiotic activity3) Evaluate data to determine active compoundChemistryWrite the structure for the product that formsfrom the following reactants.Combinatorial ReactantsWhat compounds are present in tube ___?ReactionsAntibiotic ActivityTest for inhibition of growth of E. coli.Multistate Outbreak of E. coli O157 Infections Linked to Taco BellNovember-December 2006States with Taco Bell restaurants where persons confirmed to have the outbreakstrain have eaten are New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and Delaware. (Thepatient from South Carolina ate at a Taco Bell restaurant in Pennsylvania). Othercases of illness are under investigation by state public health officials. Amongthese 71 ill persons, 53 (75%) were hospitalized and 8 (11%) developed a type ofkidney failure called hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS).Bottom Line: C118 Laboratory is no more dangerous than eating at Taco Bell. As far as E. coli goes it is safer since it is a benign strain. E. Coli and Drug ScreeningIncubate for 24 hours and check the _______If M1 and M5 showed resistance to bacterial growth. What is the active compound?Possible disadvantages to analyzing mixtures? Data AnalysisReview notes on how to write a full lab report. It is worth 50 points.Discussion questions are in the lab instructions.Use


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IUB CHEM-C 118 - Combinatorial Chemistry Discovery of an Antibiotic Compound Full Report

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