MEDIEVAL CRISIS1309 Avignon Papacy begins1337-1453 Hundred Years War1346-51 “Black Death”1378 Great SchismAMEDIEVAL CRISISI. Creation of National Identitiescentralization accelerates through wars and taxationreligion is subverted to serve the needs of the stateuse of vernacular languageconstant warfare justifies taxation, strengthening royal authorityII. 1337-1453 Hundred Years WarFrance and England fight for controlSignificance of 100 Years WarFrance and England become nationsPeasants are constantly at riskFirst use of gunpowder and heavy artillery.III. Continuation of church/state struggleInnocent IIIAvignon Papacy 1309 Pope moves Holy See to Avignon (until 1377)Loss of credibilityGreat Schism 1378IV. Black DeathDisease spread by the fleas livingon ratsAbout 1/2 of population in Italiancities died - 1/3 of rest of EuropeImpact of the Black DeathIncreasing religious fervorRelative improvement ineconomyChurch loses moreauthorityV. Impact of the Middle AgesGives foundation for modernEuropean civilizationImportance of ChristianityWorth of individual rights – manto control natureAMEDIEVAL CRISISSpread of the “Black Death”
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