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Urban tree symptomsLecture 13 IMPORTANT ROOT DISEASESIN THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT Reading:Edmonds et al. 2005. Chapter 12.Dreistadt et al. pages 262-268; 341-348 (nematodes)Agrios:266-283 – Root diseases caused by Oomycota (Pythium and Phytophthora)350-358 – Root and stem roots caused by Ascomycota389-399 - Structural root decay fungi (Basidiomycota)342-346 - Verticillium wilt428-441 – Bacterial crown gall574-597 – Root nematodesTopics1. Major types of root diseasesa. Diseases of woody(structural roots) rootsb. Diseases of fine roots2. Signs and symptoms of major root diseases3. Structural root diseasesa. Fungal - Laminated root rot, Armillaria root disease,Annosus root and butt rot,Schweinitzii root and butt rotb. Bacterial - crown gall4. Fine root diseasesa. Fungal - Phytophthora root disease, Verticillium wilt, damping off, seedling root diseasesb. Nematodes - root knot5. Root disease management1. Major Root Diseasesa. Diseases of woody rootsfungalbacterialb. Diseases of fine roots including vascular root diseases and damping offfungalnematode2. Signs and Symptoms of Important Root DiseasesUrban tree symptomsa. FungalLaminated root rotArmillaria root diseaseAnnosus root and butt rotSchweinitzii root and butt rot (Velvet top fungus)b. BacterialCrown gall3. Important structural root diseases in the Pacific NorthwestLaminated root rot caused by Phellinus sulphurascensweirii (primary hosts - Douglas-fir, western hemlock)Armillaria root rot caused by Armillariaostoyae -previously known as Armillariamellea ( hosts – all woody plants- roses, rhododendrons, conifer and hardwood trees, etc.)Annosus root and butt rot caused by Heterobasidionannosum (primary hosts western hemlock, Douglas-fir, true firs, ponderosa pine, hardwoods – madrone, poplar); previously known as FomesannosusSchweinitzii root and butt rot caused by Phaeolusschweinitzii - primary host – older Douglas-firLAMINATED ROOT ROTDouglas-fir dead from Laminated root rotLaminated root rot pocket in second-growth Douglas-fir in ORRoot diseasesCharacteristc root ball in Douglas-fir from Laminated root rotLaminated Root RotLaminated Root RotLocation of Pioneer Park on Mercer IslandProblem with laminated root rotAerial photo of Pioneer Park, Mercer IslandLocation of root disease centersIncipient decay stain (above) andimpressive advanced decay in DFstumps (right) on Mercer Island.Not much solid wood left.ARMILLARIA ROOT DISEASEARMILLARIA SPECIES IN NORTH AMERICA AND EUROPEA. ostoyae Conifers and hardwoods West North America and EuropeA. mellea Hardwood trees and shrubs E. North America, California, Europe (low elev.)A. gallica Hardwoods and conifers (butt rot) North America, Europe (low elevations)A. cepistipes Conifers Europe - high elevations and B.C. and WAA. borealis Conifers Europe and Russia - high latitudeA. sinapina Conifers and hardwoods Northern conifer - conifers west, hardwoods eastA. tabescens Conifers and hardwoods Southeast US - also reported from NE and midwestA. calvescens Hardwoods East coast, midwest and CanadaA. Nabsnoma Hardwoods Western North AmericaA. gemina HardwoodsArmillaria root diseaseArmillaria


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UW ESRM 451 - Lecture Notes

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