ANP 370 1nd Edition Exam 2 Study Guide Presentation Material 1 According to Scheper Hughes and Lock there is a need to understand diseases as influenced by social as well as larger political forces in addition to the biological individual body For this reason they look at the body as the individual body the social body and the body politic 2 Rene Descartes in associated with influencing the separation of the mind and the body mindbody dualism 3 Biomedicine gives more importance to the physical body than the human mind 4 What do Harmonious Wholes and Complementary Dualities imply harmonious wholes everything from the cosmos down to the individual organs of the human body are understood as a single unit This is often expressed as the relationship of microcosm to macrocosm complementary dualities the relationship of parts to the whole is emphasized 5 Yoga Meditation Thai Chi and Feng Shui are among numerous examples of non western medical practices that emphasize the mind body complementarity 6 What are some examples of diseases and illnesses that stem from social factors Diabetes Bulimia Depression Suicide Hikikiomori disease other withdrawal diseases such as susto obesity 7 What are Hybrid Bodies 8 What is Transcendental Medication What ritualistic forms comprise healing in this tradition A health practice characterized by the healing through an out of body experience that utilizes an individual s spirit or soul Kung s medicine dance o Altered state of consciousness necessary for healing 9 According to George Foster non Western Medical traditions can be divided into Naturalistic and Personalistic Etiological systems 10 The term animism refers to the belief that all objects and beings have a soul Important idea behind susto 11 What does the color White convey about the status or role of the doctor in treating illnesses Science purity modernity authoritative knowledge supernatural power bilateral protection goodness Meaning of whiteness life purity superhuman power defying death justice 12 Trust or belief in a healer doctor and or their practice is seen to be essential for successful treatment of any condition relationships between patient and doctor healer are discussed throughout all of the various presentations 13 What is Placebo What is Placebo Effect What is the role played by the healer doctor in Placebo Effect Placebo having no effect despite the fact that giving a patient a chemically inert medicine the placebo clearly can have a substantial positive outcome Placebo effect outcomes from administration of placebo Roles played o Communication between physician and patient was found to be a key variable that influenced outcomes Helps provide an understanding of commitment Reduces patient anxiety Reduces post treatment depression Increases overall treatment success 14 What are the similarities and differences between Biomedicine and Spirituality Similarities Biomedicine focuses on the body in the same way that Spiritualist healers provide attention to bodily discomforts Both seek to provide symptom alleviation Dualistic view of the body mind body dualism Structural and contextual similarities Patients take the passive role Practitioners require patient compliance Both attempt to see inside the patient s body physicians use technology and healers use the gaze of spirits Similar end results from the patients perspective Differences o Spirituality Healer usually has experience with suffering and patients experiences Patient health practitioner healer spiritualist therapeutic o Biomedicine Doctors usually healthy individuals and can t relate through personal experience Biomedical therapeutics lack therapeutic repertoire 15 What is Susto What is susto also referred to as What instruments or equipment are used in treating susto susto soul loss magical fright People become ill when their souls get separated o Soul is either lost in sleep or detachment occurs due to an unsettling embarrassing or traumatic experience o Feeling of helplessness due to inability to fulfill societal roles also referred to as pasmo jani espanto perdida de la sombra 16 How does Arthur Rubel propose to explain susto 1 A susto syndrome will appear only in social situations which victims perceive as strsessful 2 The social stresses reflected in the susto syndrome are intra cultural and intra societal in nature 3 In Hispanic American societies susto will appear as a consequence of an episode in which an individual is unable to meet the expectations of his own society for a social role in which he or she has been socialized Conceptual model and hypotheses o Model holds that susto syndrome is a product of the interaction between three open systems all interlinked An individual s state of health Her his personality system Social system of which he is a member 17 What is Somatization Conversion of a mental state such as depression and anxiety into physical symptoms depression anxiety 18 Was there an ultimate cause that helped understand the growing number of suicides in Japan Japan s economic downturn has been frequently cited as contributing to this social pathology and to rising rates of depression and suicide Rise of depression in the 1990s lessened social stigma associated with depression and normalized it Growth of internet hikikomori syndrome 2 causes of suicide for adolescents o Bullying and competitive school examinations ljime o Examination hell jyuken jigoku In Japan dying alone is frowned upon Generation gaps in values 19 Dialogue is often accompanied by speech overlaps and interruptions occurs to maintain power balance between doctor and patient 20 Make sure to have a good understanding of the graphs provided about physician patient interaction White females tended to interrupt more in encounters between patients and male physicians 21 What is staccato shortened time to answer questions 22 What are the causes of Malnutrition Extend your understanding beyond just class discussions think along lines of CMA there is not a single identifiable cause of malnutrition in Third World countries o factors involved local agricultural production marketing of food poverty drought cultural rules about child feeding o environmental conditions and intense poverty are two important determinants with malnutrition 23 What is maternal attitude The ways in which a mother regards her children o Tendencies to care for and provide children with basic needs o Levels of concern for the care of her child Level of acceptance of