THAR 281 1st Edition Exam 2 Study Guide Lectures 6 14 Lecture 6 February 14 Restoration Before the Restoration period there wasn t a king queen Parliament ran it Charles II Comes back from exile One of the first things he does reinstates theatre Because the puritans banned it Then he brought women onto the stage This was also a period of extreme immorality Lecture 7 February 17 Theatre of the Restoration Proscenium Stage All stages recently moved indoors which gives the ability for lighting set design Scenic design Lighting Shakespeare Greek theatre had none most per formances before used the sun only example of Restoration theatre The Rivals look at the set design Aphra Behn 1st professional woman playwright and Female Wit Fe male Wit the paper made fun of female playwrights Restoration Audience to see and to be seen lighting exists in the au dience too so it was also about seeing who s with who men only took their mistresses to the theatre Government Charles II issued patents to Davenant and Killegrew in 1660 meaning only they could show theatre Licensing Act of 1737 okay now everyone can do it again Lord Chamberlain instead of master of revels gives licenses for theatre Covent Garden and Drury Lane licensed theatres Lecture 8 February 19 Restoration Theatre Interiors were a mixture of Italian and Elizabethan Proscenium doors with balconies Deep forestage apron entire stage raked Scenery Painted perspective backdrop Technology for changing scenery wing shutter Groove system Lighting was only with candlelight and sunlight Lecture 9 February 21 The type of stage preferred during the Restoration was the Proscenium The characters in a comedy of manners were mainly from the upper class The audience members were mainly from the upper class In Restoration theatres what is the phrase to see and to be seen referring to The audience English female playwrights of the 1960s were known informally as the Female Wits There were a number of significant female playwrights during the Restoration Era TRUE During the Restoration era the theatrical entrepreneur emerged TRUE Which part of the Restoration stage was a major performance area The apron What was used for lighting in Restoration theatres sunlight and candles How did King Charles II regulate theatre He gave patents Restoration performances utilized historically accurate costume designs FALSE Lecture 10 February 24 Drame Denis Diderot French dramatist 1713 1784 idea of the 4th wall Any serious play that didn t fit into that category Domestic tragedy middle class Borgeois tragedy Storm and Stress Sturm und Drang playwrights young Late 18th Century Germany Rejected dramatic rules neoclassicism Plays were radical in subject manner and style Forerunner of 19th Century Romanticism broke the ice for it Theatre Architecture Theatres become much bigger for growing middle class No more seating onstage Diderot s 4th Wall Lecture 11 February 26 David Garrick Actor manager very popular Known for his more natural style of acting Required his actors to mimic what they were portraying to be more realistic full length acting rehearsals Johann Wolfgang von Goethe Had extensive rehearsals Main concern was with how the audience saw the actors had very strict rules on how the actors behaved outside the theatre No drunkenness Responsible for dimming the lights Audience had two responsibilities clapping not clapping Lecture 12 February 28 Romanticism Rejected neoclassical basically all rules Genius creates his own rules Revered Shakespeare focused on mood atmosphere Melodrama Music or song drama Heroes villains strongly delineated Suspenseful plot nostalgia Aw just like back at home Pure escapism people had hard working jobs and wanted to come to the theatre to escape it all characters were very 2 D easy to know if they re good or bad Well Made Play Structure movement not category like Romanticism Melodrama Use of exposition and foreshadowing Secrets known to the audience Obligatory Scene or showdown the scene that the audience knows is going to happen No loose ends not left hanging Richard Wagner 1813 1883 gesamtkunstwerk total theatre his obsession opera was the highest form regisseur more of a direct control of theatre control freak Georg II Duke of Saxe Meiningen 1826 1914 famous for historically accurate costumes props wanted every tiny detail accurate would rehearse full plays in full costume every time very good with crowd scenes toured extensively didn t believe in having stars rotated lead roles Lecture 13 March 3 19th Century Developments revolving stages raked audience AND stage elevator stage gas table pg 158 box set incandescent lightbulbs individual seating The French dramatic form Drame was a serious play that did not fit the neoclassical definition of tragedy Oliver Goldsmith who wrote She Stoops to Conquer opposed sentimental comedies by writing laughing comedies Sentimental comedies are comedies of manners with morals The Sturm und Drang Storm and Stress movement was the forerunner of Romanticism Governments of the 18th Century have not yet began to relinquish control and deregulate theatre To accommodate the new middle class audience theatres became larger during the 18th Century Goethe was known as a regisseur who required traditional acting styles for his actors rehearsed for long hours had the actors face the audience not each other Goethe established rules for the actors and the audience The Bibiena family is noted for their work with multipoint perspective as designers Charles Macklin and David Garrick both rebelled against the bombastic styles of acting Lecture 14 March 5 The dramatic form that parodied a serious play burlesque The dramatic form that emphasizes suspense and nostalgia melodrama The dramatic form that involves a showdown or obligatory scene Well Made Play The dramatic form that emphasizes mechanical cause and effect Well Made Play The dramatic form that required white actors to wear black makeup on their faces the Minstrel Show The dramatic form that has sharply defined heroes and villains Melodrama The dramatic form that often included animal acts Vaudeville Richard Wagner developed the concept of gesamtkunstwerk which means a totally unified theatrical work The increasing urban population in the 19th Century led to more uniformity of tastes in theatre and discouraged diversity False The Romantic movement believed in the duality of human existence