ETM/P-02:080 Uen Rev AWireless Technologies13-11-02 1Wireless TechnologiesSURFnet - Relatiedagen 2002Jan-Willem TaskingEricsson Telecommunicatie BVETM/P-02:080 Uen Rev AWireless Technologies13-11-02 2NMTNMTTACSTACSWCDMAWCDMAUMTSUMTS2G2G3G3G2.5G2.5GEDGEEDGEGPRSGPRSGSMGSMAMPSAMPSD-AMPSD-AMPSCDMACDMAIS-95AIS-95AIS-95BIS-95BCDMA2000CDMA2000PDCPDCTDMATDMADECTDECTPHSPHSCT1CT1WLANWLANWI-FIWI-FI802.11802.11802.11a802.11a802.11b802.11b802.11g802.11g802.11i802.11i802.11e802.11e802.11f802.11f802.11h802.11h802.11h802.11hHiperLan2HiperLan2DCS1800DCS1800GSMNAGSMNABluetoothBluetooth802.15802.15802.1x802.1xETM/P-02:080 Uen Rev AWireless Technologies13-11-02 3Contents• Evolution of Wireless Technologies• Wireless Computing Solutions - Positioning• WLAN Business Drivers• WLAN Technology• WCDMA and WLAN• Technology Evolution, Positioning and Combining•SummaryETM/P-02:080 Uen Rev AWireless Technologies13-11-02 4Wide AreaNetwork (~10km)Local AreaNetwork (~50m)Personal AreaNetwork (~20m)Wireless Evolution - Technologies4GCombineddevicesWidebandWLANBluetooth3GWCDMA,EDGECDMA2000DigitalDECT, PHSInfra Red2GGSM, PDCTDMA,CDMAAnalogCT1“wire”1GAMPS, NMT, TACS etcETM/P-02:080 Uen Rev AWireless Technologies13-11-02 5IMT2000 International Mobile Telecommunications 2000ITU/RR International Telecommunication Union/Radio Communication SectorMSS UMTS Mobile Satellite Systems Universal Mobile Telecommunication SystemPCS Persona l Communication ServicesDECT Digital Enhanced Cordless TelephonyPHS Personal Handy System1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 2250ITU/RREuropeJapanUSAIMT-2000IMT-2000UMTSUMTSMSSMSSMSSMSS MSSMSSMSSMSSIMT-2000IMT-2000DECTUMTSDECTMSSReg.2MSSReg.2Frequency in MHzGSM 1800PHSPCSUMTSSpectrum AllocationETM/P-02:080 Uen Rev AWireless Technologies13-11-02 6Wireless Computing Solutions - PositioningLANLocal Area Network/Access- Hot Spots - High speedW-LANMbps1101000,1MobilityUser Bitrate3GCellular2G cellularWide Area Network (WAN)-Large coverageBluetoothPersonal Area Network (PAN)- Connectivity- Cable replacementFixedWalkVehicleETM/P-02:080 Uen Rev AWireless Technologies13-11-02 7Note: The UTRA requirements are the same as for ITU-R TG 8/1Indoor/low rangeoutdoor:up to 2 Mbit/sIndoor/low rangeoutdoor:up to 2 Mbit/sUser speed maximum10 km/hSuburban outdoor:at least 384 kbit/sSuburban outdoor:at least 384 kbit/sUser speed maximum 120 km/hRural outdoor:at least 144 kbit/sRural outdoor:at least 144 kbit/sUser speed maximum500 km/hUTRAN – UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access NetworkETM/P-02:080 Uen Rev AWireless Technologies13-11-02 8WANMANLANDatacom Network TerminologyPANETM/P-02:080 Uen Rev AWireless Technologies13-11-02 9Business Drivers• Access to Internet and Intranet becomes as vital as voicetelephony in business.• With Notebooks and PDAs, data Mobility at work includescomputing. Today this is done off-line.• With W-LANs performing like wired LANs, the officenotebook user will not need to dock.- The same applications as for stationary platforms aresupported with the addition of full data mobility.There is a strong and growing demand to be always on-lineETM/P-02:080 Uen Rev AWireless Technologies13-11-02 10• Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum(DSSS)• 11 Mbps (CCK), 5.5 Mbps (CCK),2 Mbps (DQPSK), 1 Mbps(DBPSK)• 2.4 GHz (ISM band)• Pico-Cellular systemLicense-Exempt LAN1GHz 2GHz 3GHz 4GHz 5GHzLicense-Exempt ISMGSM WCDMAWLAN, IEEE 802.11bCCK: Complementary Code Keying (RF modulation)DQPSK: Differential Quadrature Phase Shift KeyingDBPSK: Differential Binary Phase Shift KeyingISM: Industrial, Scientific and Medical (radio spectrum)ETM/P-02:080 Uen Rev AWireless Technologies13-11-02 11802.11 Protocol Stack• MAC (Media Access Control) Layer– The rules for accessing the wireless medium• PHY (Physical) Layer– Radio layer– Modulation, coding etc.802.11 MAC802.2802.11 PHYIPUDP/TCPThese layers are specified by IEEE 802.11ETM/P-02:080 Uen Rev AWireless Technologies13-11-02 12802.11b Spread Spectrum PHY• Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS)• Baseband signal is spread by a chip sequence• All STAs and APs use the same chip sequence– this is not CDMA!After spreadingFrequencyPowerPowerFrequencyBefore spreadingETM/P-02:080 Uen Rev AWireless Technologies13-11-02 13802.11b Channels• Frequency range: 2400-2483.5 MHz (unlicensed band!)• Channels numbered 1-14• Spacing between channels: 5 MHz• 802.11b bandwith: approx. 20 MHz• => At most 3 non-overlapping channels– USA: Channels 1, 6, 11 (Channels 12-14 not allowed)– Europe*: Channels 1, 7, 13 (Channel 14 not allowed)– Japan: Channel 14* Some countries are exceptionsChannel 1371MHz2400241224422483.52472ETM/P-02:080 Uen Rev AWireless Technologies13-11-02 14There is also another 802.11 PHY layer: 802.11a• Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)• Data rates from 6 to 54 Mbps• 5150-5350 MHz and 5725-5825 MHz (also an unlicensedband)• 12 non-overlapping channels• Not allowed in Europe yet– Except for 5150-5250 MHz in some countries.– Due to lack of DFS and TPC• Uses the same MAC layer as 802.11bNote: SIFS and DIFS times are different for 802.11a,Backoff slots are differentDFS: Dynamic Frequency SelectionTPC: Transmit Power ControlETM/P-02:080 Uen Rev AWireless Technologies13-11-02 15Other 802.11 amendments (work in progress in IEEE)• 802.11e Quality of Service– To support streaming traffic and AV applications• 802.11f Inter-AP Protocol (IAPP)– Protocol for transporting information between APs• 802.11g Further high-speed PHY layer extension in the 2.4 GHz band– OFDM in the 802.11b frequency band (2400-2483.5 MHz)– Data rates from 6 to 54 Mbps• 802.11h Spectrum and Transmit Power Control – Will make it possible to use 802.11a (5 GHz) in Europe• 802.11i Enhanced Security– Existing 802.11 (WEP) security is broken– New authentication and encryption algorithms (802.1x)ETM/P-02:080 Uen Rev AWireless Technologies13-11-02 16WCDMA (UMTS) and 802.11b (WLAN)•WCDMA– Up to 2 Mbps (384 kbps wide area)– Wide Area Coverage– “Anytime, Anywhere”•WLAN– Up to 5 Mbps user bitrate (11 Mbps physical layer bitrate)– Local Area Coverage (up to 50 m), Pico-Cellular– “Sometimes, Somewhere”ETM/P-02:080 Uen Rev AWireless Technologies13-11-02 17WCDMAGPRS, EDGEWideAreaNetworkLocalAreaNetworkCombining Air-InterfacesWLANNot to Scale1 Wide Area cell = ~10 000 WLAN cellsPersonal Area NetworkBluetoothETM/P-02:080 Uen Rev AWireless
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