Advanced Systems ArchitectureDefining the problemBottom-lineOutlineOrganizationsOutlineWikipedia (product)Wikipedia (product)Encyclopaedia Britannica (product)Encyclopaedia Britannica (product)Subway Systems (product)London UndergroundOutlineSubway MetricsSubway measures for CentralityBritannica circle of knowledgePath length comparedImpact of hierarchyExample of horizonsArticle horizonVisualizing growth in wikipediaHistorygramsVisualizing growth in wikipediaTimeline of Knowledge EventsSystems placed in DWS graphLearning SummaryDeliverable/We will provideReferencesAdvanced Systems ArchitectureFinal Report – 11 May 2006Team: Joao Castro, Nirav Shah, Robb WirthlinFaculty supervisor: Chris MageeESD.3422© 2006 Students: Joao Castro, Nirav Shah, Robb Wirthlin - ESD, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyDefining the problem• Hypothesis: Systems that are structured or centrally designed are different than those that are unstructured or emerge in an evolutionary fashion• Approach: Observe transportation networks and knowledge networks with network analysis tools for comparison between types of systemsKnowledgeTransportationCentralized DecentralizedWikipediaEnc. BrittanicaLondonBostonBeijingMoscowMark AvnetSlide3© 2006 Students: Joao Castro, Nirav Shah, Robb Wirthlin - ESD, Massachusetts Institute of Technology4© 2006 Students: Joao Castro, Nirav Shah, Robb Wirthlin - ESD, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyBottom-lineStructured vs. UnstructuredPlanned vs. EvolvedStructured vs. UnstructuredPlanned vs. Evolved• Information Networks are different:– Different path lengths– Different depth of information– Evolving to a common structure(?)• Transportation Networks:– No common structure among each class– Without constraints migrates to common structure(?)5© 2006 Students: Joao Castro, Nirav Shah, Robb Wirthlin - ESD, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyOutline• Organization structure• Product• Analysis & Conclusions6© 2006 Students: Joao Castro, Nirav Shah, Robb Wirthlin - ESD, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyOrganizationsWikipedia Encyclopedia BrittanicaOnline E. B.Date Established2001 1768 1994Range of access: Free limited use up to full-access membershipsStaff1 ruling body1 tech support body>1 million editors1 mgmt body1 scientific body4000 editorsFundingDonation For-profitAccessibilityFree PurchasePeer ReviewLittle; becoming more frequentYesFundingStaffOwnerPrivate/semi-private operationsPublic service (non-profit)Public authoritiesSubways7© 2006 Students: Joao Castro, Nirav Shah, Robb Wirthlin - ESD, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyOutline• Organization structure• Product• Analysis & Conclusions8© 2006 Students: Joao Castro, Nirav Shah, Robb Wirthlin - ESD, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyWikipedia (product)• Top 10 Editions user spaceEdition # Edits [1]# Articles [1]# Users [1]# Admins[1]% Visitors [2]Internet users [4]65 285.0M53.3M26.2M10.6M86.3M6.8M28.8M10.8M32.0M45.2M10326<11113Lang. Ranking [3]1- en 45587927 1026855 1091498 496 41118249682140632- de 14419657 358441 188709 1553- fr 6028079 245437 77197 554- pl 2711067 217146 35504 485- ja 1920006- sv 1750535 141060 12068 617- it 2384853 140725 45873 288- nl 3351953 137797 28781 529- pt 1639353 118589 48028 3110- es 2721590 96349 102130 40[1] - download.wikipedia.org[2] - alexa.com[3] - wikipedia[4] - internetworldsats.com9© 2006 Students: Joao Castro, Nirav Shah, Robb Wirthlin - ESD, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyWikipedia (product)• Wikipedia• Full English edition is very big– Decompressed pages, text and revision are > 450GB !!Language editionDate Articles Page tablePagelinkstableRevision tableText tableEnglish 2006-03-03 1002326 255 MB 1.5 GB - -Portuguese 2006-03-01 118589 20 MB 114 MB - -Simple English 2006-03-02 7633 1.3 MB 8.5 MB 6.74 MB 224 MBSource: download.wikipedia.org10© 2006 Students: Joao Castro, Nirav Shah, Robb Wirthlin - ESD, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyEncyclopaedia Britannica (product)• 15 Editions– 1stEdition (1768-1771):• consolidation of important subjects into lengthy, comprehensive treatises• inclusion of many shorter, dictionary-type articles on technical terms and other subjects.– 2ndEdition (1777-1784):• inclusion of biographical articles and the expansion of geographic articles to include history.– Supplement to the 4th, 5th, & 6thEditions (1815-1824):• almost all the articles were original signed contributions.– 7thEdition (1830-1842):• innovation of a general index– 9thEdition(1875-1889):• US ownership– 11thEdition (1910-11):• splitting up of the traditional lengthy, comprehensive treatises into somewhat more particularized articles. (as a result the 11th edition had 40,000 articles—more than double the 9thedition's 17,000—although its total amount of text was not much greater)Ref: " Encyclopædia Britannica ." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2006. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 9 May 2006 <http://www.search.eb.com/eb/article-2111>.11© 2006 Students: Joao Castro, Nirav Shah, Robb Wirthlin - ESD, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyEncyclopaedia Britannica (product)• 15 Editions– 14thEdition (1929):• Space was found for new articles by cutting down the style and detail of the 11th edition, from which a great deal of material was carried over in shortened form. • More than 3,500 authors of all nationalities contributed articles. • Also the 14thEdition initiated an important change in editorial method—continuous revision. the encyclopaedia was revised and reprinted annually. • Also begun in 1938 was the volume called Britannica Book of the Year, which covered developments of the year preceding publication.– 15thEdition (1974):• new set consisted of 28 volumes in three parts serving different functions: the Micropædia (Ready Reference), Macropædia (Knowledge in Depth), and Propædia(Outline of Knowledge).•A major revision of the 15th edition in 1985. The Macropædia was greatly restructured, plus a separate two-volume Index; and both the Micropædia and the Propædia were redesigned, reorganized, and revised. The entire set consisted of 32 volumes. • The company began a massive revision of the encyclopaedia database in 1999.– 1994 Britannica Online– 1999 Britannica.com launchedRef: " Encyclopædia Britannica ." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2006. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 9 May 2006 <http://www.search.eb.com/eb/article-2111>.12© 2006 Students: Joao