1Concrete structures Prof Schierle 1Concrete StructuresPantheon RomeConcrete structures Prof Schierle 2Pantheon RomeConcrete structures Prof Schierle 3Concrete Types: • Site cast• Precast• PrestressedAdvantages:• Widely available• Can be recycled• Many finishes• Takes any form• Fire resistant• DurableChallenges:• Heavy weight(large seismic forces)• Requires rebars to resist tension• Possible cracks without prestress2Concrete structures Prof Schierle 4Concrete properties:• strong in compression• weak in tension• steel re-bars resist tensionConcrete structures Prof Schierle 5Steel post footingTwo-way reinforcingTemplate plate to set anchor boltsPost with base plate Base plate replaced template plateConcrete structures Prof Schierle 6Site cast concretefacilitates free forms but requires costly formworkCooling tower Notre Dame du Ronchamp3Concrete structures Prof Schierle 7La Tourette Lyon 1960 ConventArchitect: Le CorbusierChandigarh 1953-63 State AssemblyArchitect: Le Corbusier Concrete structures Prof Schierle 8Unite d'HabitationMarseilles, 1952Architect: Le Corbusier Concrete structures Prof Schierle 9Hellas Research Foundation, CreteArchitect: Panos Koulermos Engineer: Helas Research Foundation4Concrete structures Prof Schierle 10Post top drop panels (size to resist shear)Robert Maillart: Mushroom postsDrop panel Stepped drop panel Tapered drop panelConcrete structures Prof Schierle 11Two-way systemWaffle slab (5’ x 5’ waffles) Solid post waffles resist shearConcrete structures Prof Schierle 12Two-way systemWaffle slab on beam Solid waffles resist post shear Three-way waffles5Concrete structures Prof Schierle 13One-way systemsSlab on beam Rib slabConcrete structures Prof Schierle 14Robert Maillart Swiss bridges(Three-hinge arches)Salginatobel Bridge, 1929 Arve Bridge, 1936(near Geneva)Concrete structures Prof Schierle 15Habitat 67 - Expo 67 MontrealArchitect: Moshe Safdie6Concrete structures Prof Schierle 16Senior Housing San Francisco 1970Architect: Wong / SchierleEngineer: ElsesserConcrete structures Prof Schierle 17Stanford student housing, 1970 – Architect: Wong / Schierle Concrete structures Prof Schierle 18Office building ChicagoArchitect/Engineer: SOM7Concrete structures Prof Schierle 19CNIT Exhibit Hall, Paris, 1956-58 Architect: Camelot, MaillyZehrfussEngineer: Nicholas Esquilan Equilateral triangle planLongest shell span 225 m (738’)Concrete structures Prof Schierle 20Sidney Opera HouseArchitect: Jörn UtzenEngineer: Ove ArupConcrete structures Prof Schierle 21Bahai Worship House New Delhi 1980 Architect: Fariburz SahbaEngineer: Flint and Neill8Concrete structures Prof Schierle 22Hoover Dam Colorado 1936Arch form resists water pressureprimarily in compressionFuture bridge - 2010 completionConcrete structures Prof Schierle 23Kremasta Lake Bridge, Greece, 443 m (484 yards)Engineer: Aristarchos OikonomouConcrete structures Prof Schierle 24Milau Viaduct Architect: Norman FosterEngineer: Ove Arup9Concrete structures Prof Schierle 25Guggenheim Museum New York, 1959Architect: Frank Lloyd WrightConcrete structures Prof Schierle 26Falling Water House, PennsylvaniaArchitect: Frank Lloyd WriteCasa Terragni, ComoArchitect: TeragniCombined moment frame / shear wallfor seismic safetyConcrete structures Prof Schierle 27Rome Train station, 1947-50Architects: Calini, Montouri, Fadigati, Pintonello, Vitellozzi10Concrete structures Prof Schierle 28Palazzetto dello Sport Rome, 1958Architect: Annibale Vitellozzi Engineer: Pier Luigi NerviSite cast concrete rib domeDiameter: 61 m (200 feet)Simon Glynn 2005Concrete structures Prof Schierle 29Olympic Dome Rome, 1962Architect: Piacentini and NerviEngineer: Pier Luigi NerviDiameter: 100 m (328 feet) to outer tension ringPrecast concrete elements Lara K. Davis, M Arch candidateMIT Department of Architecture Concrete structures Prof Schierle 30Train station Savona, ItalyArchitect: Antonio NerviEngineer: Pier Luigi NerviFolded PlateKimbell Art Museum Fort Worth, 1972Architect: Louis KahnEngineer: August Komendant Cylindrical ShellPhoto: Michael Bodycomb, © 1977 Kimbell Art Museum, reproduced with permission11Concrete structures Prof Schierle 31St. Mary’s Cathedral Tokyo, 1964Architect: Kenzo TangeEngineer: Yoshikatsu TsuboiConcrete structures Prof Schierle 32Church of the light Osaka 1989Architect: Tadao AndoHyogo Chapel Architect: Tadao AndoConcrete structures Prof Schierle 33Precast ConcreteChallenges:• element joints • transportation costAdvantages:• repetitive use of formwork• factory quality control12Concrete structures Prof Schierle